壘

See also: 垒 and 塁

壘	U+58D8, 壘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58D8

← 壗
[U+58D7]

CJK Unified Ideographs

壙 →
[U+58D9]

壘	U+F94A, 壘 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F94A

← 雷
[U+F949]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

屢 →
[U+F94B]

Translingual

Traditional	壘
Shinjitai	塁
Simplified	垒

Han character

壘 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+15, 18 strokes, cangjie input 田田田土 (WWWG), four-corner 6010₄, composition ⿱畾土)

Derived characters

㒦, 𡔁, 㠥, 𢹮, 灅, 𣠠, 𭯭, 𥗬, 𥤐, 𧕫, 鑸, 𰿉, 𪈦, 蘲

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5574
Dae Jaweon: page 481, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 498, character 3
Unihan data for U+58D8

Unihan data for U+F94A

Chinese

trad.		壘
simp.		垒
2nd round simp.		厽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 壘
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (畾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
摞	roːl, roːls
騾	*roːl
螺	*roːl
蔂	roːl, rul
虆	roːl, rul
瘰	*roːlʔ
礌	ruːl, ruːls
雷	*ruːl
擂	ruːl, ruːls
攂	ruːl, ruːls
礧	ruːll, ruːlʔ, *ruːls
儡	ruːl, ruːlʔ, *ruːls
瓃	ruːl, rul, *ruls
櫑	ruːl, ruːlʔ
鑘	ruːl, ruːlʔ
鐳	*ruːl
畾	*ruːl
轠	ruːl, rulʔ
罍	*ruːl
蕾	*ruːlʔ
癗	*ruːlʔ
磥	*ruːlʔ
累	ruːls, rolʔ, *rols
儽	ruːls, rul
樏	rolʔ, rul
鸓	rul, rulʔ
嫘	*rul
纍	rul, ruls
欙	*rul
纝	*rul
壘	*rulʔ
櫐	*rulʔ
蘽	*rulʔ
藟	*rulʔ
讄	*rulʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rulʔ): phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl) + semantic 土 (“dirt”)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lěi (lei³)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): leoi⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lúi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lěi
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lěi
  - Wade–Giles: lei³
  - Yale: lěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leei
  - Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: leoi⁵
  - Yale: léuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loey⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: lêu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵy̯¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lúi
  - Tâi-lô: luí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: luie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lui⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lui⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lui⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lui⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lui⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: lwijX

Rime
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力軌切
Baxter	lwijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwi^X/
Li Rong	/lui^X/
Wang Li	/lwi^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lwi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leoi⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ujʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*rulʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lěi
Middle Chinese	‹ lwij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ujʔ/
English	entrenchments
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
No.	7746
Phonetic component	畾
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*rulʔ/

Definitions

壘

rampart; military wall
堡壘／堡垒 ― bǎolěi ― fortress
(baseball) base
全壘打／全垒打 ― quánlěidǎ ― home run

盜壘／盗垒 ― dàolěi ― to steal a base
to pile up

Compounds

全壘打 / 全垒打 (quánlěidǎ)
四郊多壘 / 四郊多垒
地壘 / 地垒
堡壘 / 堡垒 (bǎolěi)
壁壘 / 壁垒 (bìlěi)
壁壘分明 / 壁垒分明
壁壘森嚴 / 壁垒森严 (bìlěisēnyán)
壘包 / 垒包
壘塊 / 垒块
壘塹 / 垒堑
壘壘 / 垒垒
壘球 / 垒球 (lěiqiú)
壘砌 / 垒砌 (lěiqì)
壘窠兒 / 垒窠儿
對壘 / 对垒 (duìlěi)
故壘 / 故垒
本壘 / 本垒 (běnlěi)
深溝堅壘 / 深沟坚垒
深溝高壘 / 深沟高垒 (shēngōugāolěi)
溝壘 / 沟垒
滑壘 / 滑垒
滿壘 / 满垒
炮壘 / 炮垒
營壘 / 营垒 (yínglěi)
玉壘山 / 玉垒山
盜壘 / 盗垒 (dàolěi)
空中堡壘 / 空中堡垒
臨軍對壘 / 临军对垒
街壘 / 街垒
跑壘 / 跑垒
酒澆壘塊 / 酒浇垒块
關稅壁壘 / 关税壁垒
食壘 / 食垒
高壁深壘 / 高壁深垒
高壘深塹 / 高垒深堑 (gāolěishēnqiàn)
高壘深壁 / 高垒深壁 (gāolěishēnbì)
高壘深溝 / 高垒深沟 (gāolěishēngōu)
魁壘 / 魁垒 (kuílěi)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǜ (lü⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): leot⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lǜ
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lyù
  - Wade–Giles: lü⁴
  - Yale: lyù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liuh
  - Palladius: люй (ljuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: leot⁶
  - Yale: leuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loet⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lêd⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵt̚²/

Definitions

壘

only used in 鬱壘／郁垒 (Yùlǜ)

Compounds

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): léi (lei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: léi
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: léi
  - Wade–Giles: lei²
  - Yale: léi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lei
  - Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯³⁵/

Definitions

壘

used in 磈壘／磈垒
alternative form of 纍 / 累 (léi)
alternative form of 蘲 (léi)

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 壘 – see 礧 (“to strike; to hit; to ram; uneven; not smooth; rough; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 礧).

References

“壘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	塁
Kyūjitai	壘

Kanji

壘

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 塁)

Readings

On (unclassified): るい (rui)
Kun: とりで (toride, 壘)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
壘
るい Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

See 塁.

Noun

壘(るい) • (rui)

Kyūjitai form of 塁

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 壘 (MC lwijX). Recorded as Middle Korean 류〯 (lywǔ) (Yale: lyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

壘 (eumhun 진 루 (jin ru), word-initial (South Korea) 진 누 (jin nu))

hanja form^? of 루/누 (“rampart”)
hanja form^? of 루/누 (“(baseball) base”)

Compounds

누상 (壘上, nusang)
누수 (壘手, nusu)
도루 (盜壘, doru)
만루 (滿壘, mallu)
보루 (堡壘, boru)
본루 (本壘, bollu)
본루타 (本壘打, bolluta)
삼루 (三壘, samnu)
삼루수 (三壘手, samnusu)
삼루타 (三壘打, samnuta)
성루 (城壘, seongnu)
이루 (二壘, iru)
이루수 (二壘手, irusu)
이루타 (二壘打, iruta)
일루 (一壘, illu)
일루수 (一壘手, illusu)
일루타 (一壘打, illuta)
잔루 (殘壘, jallu)
잔루율 (殘壘率, jalluyul)
주루 (走壘, juru)
진루 (進壘, jillu)
진루타 (進壘打, jilluta)
출루 (出壘, chullu)
출루율 (出壘率, chulluyul)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

壘: Hán Nôm readings: lũy/luỹ

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