奮

See also: 奋

奮	U+596E, 奮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-596E

← 奭
[U+596D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

奯 →
[U+596F]

Translingual

Han character

奮 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大人土田 (KOGW), four-corner 4060₁, composition ⿱奞田)

Derived characters

𢅯, 𢤬

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 254, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6012
Dae Jaweon: page 515, character 35
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 550, character 3
Unihan data for U+596E

Chinese

trad.		奮
simp.		奋^*
alternative forms		𡚒 possibly erroneous

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奮
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 奞 (“bird”) + 田 (“field”) – bird spreading its wings to fly.

Etymology

Related to 翂 (OC *pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and 飛 (OC *pɯl, “to fly”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun
Eastern Min (BUC): hóng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hùn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hung³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
  - Wade–Giles: fên⁴
  - Yale: fèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
  - Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fan⁵
  - Yale: fáhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hóng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /houŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
  - Tâi-lô: hùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hung³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵fen
  - MiniDict: fen^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fən³⁴/

Middle Chinese: pjunH

Rime
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方問切
Baxter	pjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/piun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pun^H/
Li Rong	/piuən^H/
Wang Li	/pĭuən^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*(Cə.)pə[r]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*pɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*(Cə.)pə[r]-s/ (W dialect)
English	spread wings and fly
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	奮
Reading #	1/1
No.	3196
Phonetic component
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	糞
Old Chinese	/*pɯns/

Definitions

奮

(of bird) to spread and flutter the wings
to shake; to vibrate
to wield; to wave
to dash ahead; to put to good use
to strive; to exert effort
to arouse; to stimulate
a surname

Compounds

亢奮 / 亢奋 (kàngfèn)
勤奮 / 勤奋 (qínfèn)
告奮勇 / 告奋勇
奮不顧身 / 奋不顾身 (fènbùgùshēn)
奮力 / 奋力 (fènlì)
奮勉 / 奋勉 (fènmiǎn)
奮勇 / 奋勇 (fènyǒng)
奮勇爭先 / 奋勇争先
奮勇當先 / 奋勇当先
奮勵 / 奋励
奮威 / 奋威 (fènwēi)
奮志 / 奋志 (fènzhì)
奮戰 / 奋战 (fènzhàn)
奮擊 / 奋击
奮武揚威 / 奋武扬威
奮激 / 奋激 (fènjī)
奮然 / 奋然 (fènrán)
奮發 / 奋发 (fènfā)
奮發向上 / 奋发向上
奮發圖強 / 奋发图强 (fènfātúqiáng)
奮發有為 / 奋发有为
奮發自強 / 奋发自强
奮發蹈厲 / 奋发蹈厉
奮矜 / 奋矜
奮筆疾書 / 奋笔疾书
奮翅 / 奋翅
奮臂 / 奋臂
奮袂攘襟 / 奋袂攘襟
奮袂而起 / 奋袂而起
奮起 / 奋起 (fènqǐ)
奮起直追 / 奋起直追
奮身 / 奋身
奮身獨步 / 奋身独步
奮辭 / 奋辞
奮進 / 奋进 (fènjìn)
奮逸響 / 奋逸响
奮飛 / 奋飞
奮鬥 / 奋斗 (fèndòu)
奮鬥不懈 / 奋斗不懈
孤軍奮戰 / 孤军奋战 (gūjūnfènzhàn)
感奮 / 感奋 (gǎnfèn)
愈挫愈奮 / 愈挫愈奋
振奮 / 振奋 (zhènfèn)
振奮人心 / 振奋人心 (zhènfènrénxīn)
振鱗奮翼 / 振鳞奋翼
揚眉奮髯 / 扬眉奋髯
浴血奮戰 / 浴血奋战
激奮 / 激奋 (jīfèn)
猛奮 / 猛奋
自告奮勇 / 自告奋勇 (zìgàofènyǒng)
興奮 / 兴奋 (xīngfèn)
興奮劑 / 兴奋剂 (xīngfènjì)
艱苦奮鬥 / 艰苦奋斗 (jiānkǔfèndòu)
貫頤奮戟 / 贯颐奋戟
蹈厲奮發 / 蹈厉奋发
韜光俟奮 / 韬光俟奋

Japanese

Kanji

奮

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō)
Kun: ふるう (furuu, 奮う, Jōyō)

Compounds

奮(ふん)闘(とう) (funtō): tough struggle
奮(ふん)発(ぱつ) (funpatsu): splurge

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 奮 (MC pjunH).

Hanja

奮 (eumhun 떨칠 분 (tteolchil bun))

hanja form^? of 분 (“strive, exert effort”)
hanja form^? of 분 (“arouse”)

Vietnamese

Han character

奮: Hán Nôm readings: phấn^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

chữ Hán form of phấn (“to agitate; to shake; to arouse; impetuous”)

Compounds

References

^ Génibrel (1898).
^ Bonet (1899).
^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
^ Nguyễn (1974).
^ Trần (1999).