姚

姚	U+59DA, 姚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59DA

← 姙
[U+59D9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

姛 →
[U+59DB]

Translingual

Han character

姚 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女中一人 (VLMO), four-corner 4241₃, composition ⿰女兆)

Derived characters

𢱐

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 259, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6202
Dae Jaweon: page 525, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1046, character 3
Unihan data for U+59DA

Chinese

trad.		姚
simp. ^#		姚
alternative forms		窕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 姚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (兆) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
挑	l̥ʰaːw, l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ
洮	l̥ʰaːw, l'aːw, *lew
桃	*l'aːw
逃	*l'aːw
咷	l'aːw, l̥ʰeːws
鼗	*l'aːw
鞉	*l'aːw
駣	l'aːw, l'aːwʔ, l'aːws, l'ewʔ
𣂁	*sl̥ʰew
脁	*l̥ʰews
晁	*l'ew
兆	*l'ewʔ
旐	*l'ewʔ
狣	*l'ewʔ
鮡	l'ewʔ, l'eːw
垗	*l'ewʔ
姚	*lew
珧	*lew
銚	lew, l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws
恌	lew, l̥ʰeːw
烑	*lew
餆	*lew
筄	*lews
艞	*lews
佻	l̥ʰeːw, l'eːw
祧	*l̥ʰeːw
朓	l̥ʰeːw, l̥ʰeːwʔ
庣	*l̥ʰeːw
趒	l̥ʰeːw, l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw
聎	*l̥ʰeːw
眺	*l̥ʰeːws
覜	*l̥ʰeːws
頫	l̥ʰeːws, poʔ
絩	*l̥ʰeːws
跳	l̥ʰeːws, l'eːw
窕	*l'eːwʔ
誂	*l'eːwʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yáo (yao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jiu⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yiau³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yèu

(Hailu, HRS): rhau

(Meixian, Guangdong): yau²
Eastern Min (BUC): ièu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ieo²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iâu / iô

(Teochew, Peng'im): io⁵ / iê⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
  - Wade–Giles: yao²
  - Yale: yáu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jiu⁴
  - Yale: yìuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yiau³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiau²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ieu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: rhau
  - Sinological IPA: /ʒau⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yau²
  - Sinological IPA: /iau¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ièu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: á̤u
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâu
  - Tâi-lô: iâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaau
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /iau²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau²³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, dated in Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iô
  - Tâi-lô: iô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iooi
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /io²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: io⁵ / iê⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iô / iê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /io⁵⁵/, /ie⁵⁵/

Note:

io5 - Shantou;
iê5 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yau
  - MiniDict: yau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhiau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: yew

Rime
Character	姚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘昭切
Baxter	yew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/jæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiaw/
Li Rong	/iɛu/
Wang Li	/jĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*lew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姚
Reading #	1/1
No.	16862
Phonetic component	兆
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	遙
Old Chinese	/*lew/

Definitions

姚

handsome; elegant
alternative form of 遙 / 遥 (yáo, “far; distant”)
a surname
姚明 ― Yáo Míng ― Yao Ming (Chinese basketball player)

Compounds

二姚
剽姚
姚冶
姚名達 / 姚名达
姚坪 (Yáopíng)
姚姒
姚姚
姚家店 (Yáojiādiàn)
姚崗 / 姚岗
姚廣孝 / 姚广孝
姚棚 (Yáopéng)
姚江
姚江學派 / 姚江学派
姚燧
姚興 / 姚兴
姚萇 / 姚苌
姚際恆 / 姚际恒
姚雪垠
姚黃紙 / 姚黄纸
姚黃魏紫 / 姚黄魏紫 (Yáohuáng Wèizǐ)
姚鼐
嫖姚
房杜姚宋
票姚
餘姚 / 余姚 (Yúyáo)
餘姚之學 / 余姚之学
餘姚縣 / 余姚县
驃姚 / 骠姚
魏紫姚黃 / 魏紫姚黄

Descendants

→ English: Yao, Yiu
→ Tagalog: Yao (via Hokkien)

References

“姚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Query for 姚”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

姚

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: よう (yō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kan-on: よう (yō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kun: うつくしい (utsukushii, 姚しい)

Korean

Hanja

姚 (eumhun 예쁜 요 (yeppeun yo))

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Vietnamese

Han character

姚: Hán Nôm readings: diêu

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