孟
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Translingual
Han character
孟 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓木月廿 (NDBT), four-corner 17107, composition ⿱子皿)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6960
- Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1013, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5B5F
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
孟 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𥁪 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 孟 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mraːŋs): semantic 子 (“child; son”) + phonetic 皿 (OC *maŋʔ)
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *maŋ (“big; old; elder (brother, uncle)”); cognate with Anong ʈhi³¹ mɑŋ³¹ (“old; elderly”), Drung tvmvng (“elder sibling”), Burmese မင်း (mang:, “monarch; king”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Likely related to 兄 (OC *hmraŋ, “older brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT). Perhaps also related to 芒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋ, “great; extensive”) and 荒 (OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs, “vast; excessive; senile”) (Sagart, 1999; Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): men5 / mung5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): meng3
- Northern Min (KCR): māing
- Eastern Min (BUC): mâing
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): meng5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6man
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mong4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mèng
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mèng
- Wade–Giles: mêng4
- Yale: mèng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menq
- Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: mong4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mung
- Sinological IPA (key): /moŋ²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maang6
- Yale: maahng
- Cantonese Pinyin: maang6
- Guangdong Romanization: mang6
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mang5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbaŋ³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- men5 - vernacular;
- mung5 - literary.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: men
- Hakka Romanization System: men
- Hagfa Pinyim: men4
- Sinological IPA: /men⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: men˖
- Sinological IPA: /men³³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: mên4
- Sinological IPA: /mɛn⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māing
- Sinological IPA (key): /maiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: meng5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mēng
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɛŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: meng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɛŋ²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Nan'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Klang)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: béng
- Tâi-lô: bíng
- Phofsit Daibuun: beang
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Yongchun, Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Hui'an): /beŋ⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mêng6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mĕng
- Sinological IPA (key): /meŋ³⁵/
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: maengH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤraŋ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋs/
Definitions
孟
- eldest brother (also used in personal names)
- first month of a season
- 孟秋 ― mèngqiū ― seventh month of Chinese calendar
- (figuratively) first in series
- (figuratively) great, eminent
- to strive; to endeavor
- (~族) Mon people
- short for 孟子 (Mèngzǐ, “Mencius; Mencius (book)”)
- short for 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā, “Bangladesh”)
- alternative form of 猛 (měng, “bold; powerful”)
- a surname
- 孟浩然 ― Mèng Hàorán ― Meng Haoran (Tang dynasty poet)
Compounds
- 主孟
- 亞孟 / 亚孟 (yàmèng)
- 優孟 / 优孟
- 優孟衣冠 / 优孟衣冠
- 公孟
- 四孟
- 姜孟
- 孔孟 (Kǒng-Mèng)
- 孔孟之道 (Kǒng-Mèng zhī dào)
- 孔孟學會 / 孔孟学会
- 孟享
- 孟亭
- 孟什維克 / 孟什维克 (mèngshíwéikè)
- 孟仲叔季
- 孟侯
- 孟光
- 孟光舉案 / 孟光举案
- 孟公
- 孟公孟姥
- 孟公投轄 / 孟公投辖
- 孟冬
- 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā)
- 孟勞 / 孟劳
- 孟博登車 / 孟博登车
- 孟叟
- 孟嘗 / 孟尝
- 孟嘗君 / 孟尝君
- 孟嘉落帽
- 孟夏 (Mèngxià)
- 孟姑姑
- 孟姥
- 孟姜
- 孟姜女 (Mèngjiāngnǚ)
- 孟姜女調 / 孟姜女调
- 孟婆 (Mèngpó)
- 孟娵
- 孟婆湯 / 孟婆汤 (mèngpótāng)
- 孟子 (Mèngzǐ)
- 季孟
- 季孟之間 / 季孟之间
- 孟宗泣筍 / 孟宗泣笋
- 孟宗竹 (mèngzōngzhú)
- 孟家溪 (Mèngjiāxī)
- 孟家蟬 / 孟家蝉
- 孟州 (Mèngzhōu, “Mengzhou”)
- 孟常
- 孟廡 / 孟庑
- 孟戲 / 孟戏
- 孟族 (mèngzú)
- 孟春
- 孟晉 / 孟晋
- 孟月 (mèngyuè)
- 孟村 (Mèngcūn)
- 孟林筍 / 孟林笋
- 孟極 / 孟极
- 孟槐
- 孟樓 / 孟楼 (Mènglóu)
- 孟樂 / 孟乐
- 孟母 (Mèngmǔ)
- 孟母三遷 / 孟母三迁 (mèngmǔsānqiān)
- 孟母擇鄰 / 孟母择邻
- 孟母斷織 / 孟母断织
- 孟津 (Mèngjīn)
- 孟浪
- 孟浪輕狂 / 孟浪轻狂
- 孟瀦 / 孟潴
- 孟秋
- 孟竹
- 孟織 / 孟织
- 孟良盜馬 / 孟良盗马
- 孟荀 (Mèng-Xún)
- 孟藝 / 孟艺
- 孟襄陽 / 孟襄阳
- 孟詩韓筆 / 孟诗韩笔
- 孟說 / 孟说
- 孟語 / 孟语 (mèngyǔ)
- 孟諸 / 孟诸
- 孟豬 / 孟猪
- 孟買 / 孟买 (Mèngmǎi)
- 孟賁 / 孟贲
- 孟鄰 / 孟邻
- 孟門 / 孟门
- 孟陬 (mèngzōu)
- 孟陽 / 孟阳
- 孟青
- 孟青棒
- 孟非斯
- 孟韓 / 孟韩
- 孟饗 / 孟飨
- 孟鳥 / 孟鸟
- 孟麗君 / 孟丽君
- 孫孟 / 孙孟
- 寒孟
- 施孟
- 春孟
- 月孟
- 桓孟
- 梁孟
- 浪孟
- 焦孟不離 / 焦孟不离
- 王孟
- 秋孟
- 落帽孟嘉
- 衣冠優孟 / 衣冠优孟
- 論孟 / 论孟
- 賓孟 / 宾孟
- 趙孟 / 赵孟
- 鄒孟 / 邹孟
- 韓孟 / 韩孟
References
- “孟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
- Used in personal names.
Readings
- Go-on: みょう (myō)←みやう (myau, historical)、もう (mō)←まう (mau, historical)
- Kan-on: ぼう (bō)←ばう (bau, historical)、もう (mō)←まう (mau, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: まん (man)
- Kun: おさ (osa, 孟)←をさ (wosa, 孟, historical)、かしら (kashira, 孟)、たけ (take, 孟)
- Nanori: たけし (takeshi)、つとむ (tsutomu)、はじめ (hajime)、はる (haru)
Korean
Hanja
孟 (eumhun 맹랑할 망 (maengnanghal mang))
Vietnamese
Han character
孟: Hán Việt readings: mạnh[1][2][3]
孟: Nôm readings: mạnh[1][2][3], mảnh[1]
References
Zhuang
Pronoun
孟