弘
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Translingual
Han character
弘 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈 (NI) or 難弓戈 (XNI), four-corner 12230, composition ⿰弓厶)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9709
- Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 990, character 15
- Unihan data for U+5F18
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
弘 | |
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alternative forms | 𢎞 𪪺 𢎪 𣧀 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 弘 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷɯːŋ): phonetic 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ, “bow”) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – the sound of a bow > a loud sound.
The 口 later corrupts into 厶 (the ancient form of 肱 (OC *kʷɯːŋ)), which Shuowen interprets to be the phonetic component of the character.
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wang4
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): hèng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): heng2 / hoeng2 / horng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ghon / 2ghon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hóng
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hóng
- Wade–Giles: hung2
- Yale: húng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horng
- Palladius: хун (xun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wang4
- Yale: wàhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: wang4
- Guangdong Romanization: weng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fèn
- Hakka Romanization System: fenˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fen2
- Sinological IPA: /fen¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: fen
- Sinological IPA: /fen⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
- Tâi-lô: hông
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: dated in Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
- Tâi-lô: hîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note: hêng — used in 弘一法師.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hong5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hông
- Sinological IPA (key): /hoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: hwong
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤəŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷɯːŋ/
Definitions
弘
Compounds
References
- “弘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “弘”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 264.
Japanese
Kanji
弘
Readings
Compounds
- 弘誓 (guzei)
- 弘法 (guhō, “mission”)
- 弘遠 (kōen)
- 弘済会 (kōsaikai, “an association of wide relief”)
- 弘大 (kōdai, “wide”)
- 弘道 (kōdō, “mission”)
- 弘布 (kōfu, “ぐぶ”), 弘布 (gubu, “spread”)
- 弘報 (kōhō, “publicity”)
Proper noun
弘 • (Hiroshi)
- a male given name
Proper noun
弘 • (Hiromu)
- a male given name
Korean
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
弘: Hán Nôm readings: hoằng, ngoằng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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