| to go; to reach | to fall; to drop (behind); leave behind | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (徂落) | 徂 | 落 | |
| simp. #(徂落) | 徂 | 落 | |
| alternative forms | 殂落 | ||
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 徂 | 落 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 昨胡切 | 盧各切 |
| Baxter | dzu | lak |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡zuo/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/d͡zuo/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/d͡zo/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/d͡zɔ/ | /lak̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/d͡zo/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/d͡zu/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren |
/d͡zʱuo/ | /lɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
cú | luò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
cou4 | lok6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 徂 | 落 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cú | luò |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzu › | ‹ lak › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[dz]ˁa/ | /*kə.rˁak/ |
| English | advance, go to | fall (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 徂 | 落 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10405 | 3880 |
| Phonetic component |
且 | 各 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
徂 | 落 |
| Old Chinese |
/*zaː/ | /*ɡ·raːɡ/ |
徂落