徭

徭	U+5FAD, 徭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FAD

← 徬
[U+5FAC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

微 →
[U+5FAE]

徭	U+FA85, 徭 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA85

← 彩
[U+FA84]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

惘 →
[U+FA86]

Translingual

Han character

徭 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹人月人山 (HOBOU), four-corner 2727₂, composition ⿰彳䍃)

conscript labor, compulsory labor

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 370, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10201
Dae Jaweon: page 696, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 839, character 3
Unihan data for U+5FAD

Unihan data for U+FA85

Chinese

trad.		徭
simp. ^#		徭
alternative forms		傜繇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (謠) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
搖	lews, lew
遙	*lew
瑤	*lew
徭	*lew
鰩	*lew
媱	*lew
傜	*lew
颻	*lew
窰	*luː
愮	*lew
鷂	lew, lews
榣	*lew
嗂	*lew
猺	*lew
謠	*lew
鎐	*ʔsloːwɢ

Etymology

Perhaps related to Burmese လုပ် (lup, “to do, work”).^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yáo (yao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
  - Wade–Giles: yao²
  - Yale: yáu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jiu⁴
  - Yale: yìuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*law/

(Zhengzhang): /*lew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	徭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáo
Middle Chinese	‹ yew ›
Old Chinese	/*law/
English	public or military service
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	徭
Reading #	1/1
No.	14707
Phonetic component	謠
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	遙
Old Chinese	/*lew/
Notes	傜分化字見韓非子，廣韻集韻只作傜此見玉篇

Definitions

徭

(literary) forced labor; corvee
徭役 ― yáoyì ― corvee
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 瑤 / 瑶 (yáo, “Yao people”)

Compounds

徭役 (yáoyì)
徭戍
徭稅 / 徭税
徭賦 / 徭赋
輕徭薄稅 / 轻徭薄税
輕徭薄賦 / 轻徭薄赋

References

^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-UP Finals (> 86. to Work, Cultivate)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 40

Japanese

Kanji

徭

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): よう (yō)
Kun: えだち (edachi)

Korean

Hanja

徭 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

徭: Hán Nôm readings: diêu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[1] Luce, G. H. (1981) “-UP Finals (> 86. to Work, Cultivate)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 40

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