恭奴

Chinese

		respectful	slave
trad. (恭奴)		恭	奴
simp. ^#(恭奴)		恭	奴

Etymology

Created by Wang Mang in 15 CE.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Gōngnú

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥㄋㄨˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Gōngnú
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥㄋㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Gongnú
  - Wade–Giles: Kung¹-nu²
  - Yale: Gūng-nú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Gongnu
  - Palladius: Гунну (Gunnu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ nu³⁵/

Proper noun

恭奴

(historical, obsolete) synonym of 匈奴 (Xiōngnú)
- 因諭說改其號，號匈奴曰「恭奴」，單于曰「善于」，賜印綬。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  因谕说改其号，号匈奴曰「恭奴」，单于曰「善于」，赐印绶。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Yīn yùshuō gǎi qí hào, hào Xiōngnú yuē “Gōngnú”, chányú yuē “shànyú”, cì yìnshòu. [Pinyin]
  He changed their names upon persuasive advice. The Xiongnu were named "Gongnu", the chanyu named "shanyu", and he bequeathed them official seals.