悚

悚	U+609A, 悚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-609A

← 悙
[U+6099]

CJK Unified Ideographs

悛 →
[U+609B]

Translingual

Han character

悚 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 心木中 (PDL), four-corner 9509₆, composition ⿰忄束)

afraid, scared, frightened

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 387, character 31
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10672
Dae Jaweon: page 720, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2303, character 3
Unihan data for U+609A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		悚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (束) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涑	sloː, sloːɡ, *sloɡ
鏉	sloː, sloːɡs, *srus
摗	*sloː
駷	sloːʔ, sloŋʔ
嗽	sloːɡs, sroːɡ, *sloːɡ
瘶	*sloːɡs
欶	sloːɡs, sroːɡ
漱	sloːɡs, srus
捒	sreːɡ, sroɡs, *sroɡs
悚	*sloŋʔ
竦	*sloŋʔ
娕	*sʰroːɡ
梀	sreːɡ, sʰloːɡ, sloːɡ, l̥ʰoɡ
速	*sloːɡ
餗	*sloːɡ
殐	*sloːɡ
遬	*sloːɡ
蔌	*sloːɡ
樕	*sloːɡ
藗	*sloːɡ
誎	*sʰloɡ
束	*hljoɡ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sǒng (song³)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sung²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǒng
  - Wade–Giles: sung³
  - Yale: sǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: soong
  - Palladius: сун (sun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sung²
  - Yale: súng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: sjowngX

Rime
Character	悚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息拱切
Baxter	sjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/sioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/sioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/sioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/sĭwoŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sloŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悚
Reading #	1/1
No.	11873
Phonetic component	束
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*sloŋʔ/

Definitions

悚

to fear; to be terrified

Compounds

恐惶悚懼 / 恐惶悚惧 (kǒnghuángsǒngjù)
悚息
悚悚
悚惕
悚慄 / 悚栗
悚懼 / 悚惧 (sǒngjù)
悚然
悚然心驚 / 悚然心惊
惶悚
惶悚不安
慌悚
慚悚 / 惭悚
毛開骨悚 / 毛开骨悚
毛骨悚然 (máogǔsǒngrán)
毛髮悚然 / 毛发悚然
震悚

Japanese

Kanji

悚

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: しゅ (shu)
Kan-on: しょう (shō)
Kun: おそれる (osoreru, 悚れる)

Korean

Hanja

悚 (eumhun 두려워할 송 (duryeowohal song))

hanja form^? of 송 (“to be afraid of, to fear”)

Compounds

죄송하다 (罪悚 하다, joesonghada, “to be sorry, to feel apologetic”)

Vietnamese

Han character

悚: Hán Nôm readings: tủng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation