愍

愍	U+610D, 愍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-610D

← 愌
[U+610C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

愎 →
[U+610E]

Translingual

Han character

愍 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口大心 (RKP), four-corner 7833₄, composition ⿱敃心)

pity, sympathize with

Derived characters

𥴲

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 394, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10919
Dae Jaweon: page 730, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2325, character 7
Unihan data for U+610D

Chinese

trad.		愍
simp. ^#		愍
alternative forms		憫／悯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (民) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
眠	*miːn
民	*min
泯	min, minʔ
怋	min, mɯːn
岷	*mrin
珉	*mrin
罠	*mrin
笢	mrin, minʔ
鈱	*mrin
抿	mrɯn, mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ
刡	*minʔ
敃	*mrinʔ
愍	*mrinʔ
暋	*mrinʔ
蟁	*mɯn

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǐn (min³)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bín

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
  - Wade–Giles: min³
  - Yale: mǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
  - Palladius: минь (minʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: man⁵
  - Yale: máhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: men⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
  - Tâi-lô: bín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bien
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: minX

Rime
Character	愍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	眉殞切
Baxter	minX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiɪn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚin^X/
Shao Rongfen	/mien^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mjin^X/
Li Rong	/mjĕn^X/
Wang Li	/mǐĕn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ĕn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*mrinʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愍
Reading #	1/1
No.	9144
Phonetic component	民
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*mrinʔ/

Definitions

愍

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

哀愍
憐愍 / 怜愍 (liánmǐn)
晉愍帝 / 晋愍帝
矜愍

Etymology 2

trad.		愍
simp. ^#		愍
alternative forms		娩冕

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bián

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bián
  - Tâi-lô: bián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: biern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /biɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /biɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɛn⁴¹/

Definitions

愍

(Hokkien) only used in 愍忌

Japanese

Kanji

愍

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: みん (min)
Kan-on: びん (bin)
Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 愍れむ)

Korean

Hanja

愍 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

愍: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn, thế

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation