撐犁

See also: 撑犁

Chinese

phonetic
trad. (撐犁) 撐 犁
simp. (撑犁) 撑 犁
alternative forms 撐黎／撑黎

Etymology

Usually connected with Proto-Turkic *teŋri (“sky, God”). [1][2][3] However, Yeniseian and Iranian origins have also been proposed.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 犁
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 郎奚切
Baxter lej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɛj/
Li
Rong 		/lei/
Wang
Li 		/liei/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/liei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 犁 犁
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lí lí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lej › ‹ lij ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ˁ[i]j/ /*[r][i]j/
English plow plow (n., v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 撐 犁 犁
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 11167 7879 7894
Phonetic
component 		尚 利 利
Rime
group 		陽 脂 脂
Rime
subdivision 		0 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		瞠 黎 棃
Old
Chinese 		/*rtʰaːŋ/ /*riːl/ /*ril/
Notes 橕分化字見漢書，
今更作撐

Noun

撐犁

  1. The word for "sky" in the Xiongnu language

References

  1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “teŋri:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 523-524
  2. ^ Dybo, Anna (2014) “Early contacts of Turks and problems of Proto-Turkic reconstruction”, in Tatarica‎[1], volume 2, page 8
  3. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tanrı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
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