放假

Chinese

		to release; to free; to let go to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out	vacation; fake; false vacation; fake; false; artificial; to borrow; if; suppose
simp. and trad. (放假)		放	假
alternative forms		放計／放计 Hokkien

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fàngjià

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fang⁴ jia³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fong³ gaa³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fong¹ ga²
Gan (Wiktionary): fong⁴ ga³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fong-ká / piong-ká

(Hailu, HRS): fong^ˇ ga^ˊ

(Meixian, Guangdong): fong⁴ ga³
Jin (Wiktionary): fon³ jia³
Northern Min (KCR): bo̤̿ng-gǎ
Eastern Min (BUC): buóng-gá
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bang⁴ gor⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hòng-ká / hòng-kà / pàng-ká / pàng-kà / pàng-kè / pàng-kèe / pàng-kée

(Teochew, Peng'im): bang³ gia²
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵faon-ka; ⁵faon-cia; ⁵faon ⁵ka; ⁵faon ⁵cia / ¹faon₅-ka₅
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan⁴ jia³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàngjià
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàngjià
  - Wade–Giles: fang⁴-chia⁴
  - Yale: fàng-jyà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanqjiah
  - Palladius: фанцзя (fanczja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fang⁴ jia³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fanggia
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faŋ²¹³ t͡ɕia⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fong³ gaa³
  - Yale: fong ga
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong³ gaa³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong³ ga³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ³³ kaː³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fong¹ ga²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ³³ ka⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fong⁴ ga³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ³⁵ ka²¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fong-ká
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong ga^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong⁴ ga³
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ⁵⁵ ka³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fong-ká / piong-ká
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong ga^ˋ / biong ga^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong⁴ ga³ / biong⁴ ga³
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ⁵⁵ ka³¹/, /pi̯oŋ⁵⁵ ka³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˇ ga^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹ ka²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fong⁴ ga³
  - Sinological IPA: /fɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ka³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: fon³ jia³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fɒ̃⁴⁵ t͡ɕia⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bo̤̿ng-gǎ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔŋ³³ ka²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: buóng-gá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(k-)ŋɑ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bang⁴ gor⁴ [Phonetic: bang¹ ngor⁴]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)ŋɒ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòng-ká
  - Tâi-lô: hòng-ká
  - Phofsit Daibuun: horngkar
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ka⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ka⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ka⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ka⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòng-kà
  - Tâi-lô: hòng-kà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: horngkax
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ka²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ka¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-ká
  - Tâi-lô: pàng-ká
  - Phofsit Daibuun: parngkar
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ka⁴¹/
  - IPA (Singapore): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴² ka⁴²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ka⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ka⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-kà
  - Tâi-lô: pàng-kà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: parngkax
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ka²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ka¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-kè
  - Tâi-lô: pàng-kè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: parngkex
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ke⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ke²¹/
  - IPA (Singapore): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴² ke²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-kèe
  - Tâi-lô: pàng-kèe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kɛ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-kée
  - Tâi-lô: pàng-kée
  - IPA (Penang): /paŋ²¹⁻³³ kɛ⁴⁴⁵/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bang³ gia²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pàng kiá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kia⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵faon-ka; ⁵faon-cia; ⁵faon ⁵ka; ⁵faon ⁵cia
  - MiniDict: faon^去 ka; faon^去 cia; faon^去 ka^去; faon^去 cia^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²faan-ka; ²faan-jia; ²faan ²ka; ²faan ²jia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fɑ̃³³ ka⁴⁴/, /fɑ̃³³ t͡ɕia⁴⁴/, /fɑ̃⁴⁴ ka³⁴/, /fɑ̃⁴⁴ t͡ɕia³⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹faon₅-ka₅
  - MiniDict: faon^去 ka^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /fɑ̃⁴⁴ kɑ/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁴ jia³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan⁴⁵ t͡ɕi̯a̠⁴¹/

Verb

放⫽假 (verb-object)

to have time off; to go on holidays
放佢三日假 [Cantonese] ― fong³ keoi⁵ saam¹ jat⁶ gaa³ [Jyutping] ― to let someone have three days off

放假了，我們一家大小往鄉下去探望祖母。 [MSC, trad.]
放假了，我们一家大小往乡下去探望祖母。 [MSC, simp.]
Fàngjià le, wǒmen yījiādàxiǎo wǎng xiāngxià qù tànwàng zǔmǔ. [Pinyin]
We had a holiday, so our whole family went to the countryside to visit grandmother.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 放假 (“to have time off; to go on holidays”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		放假
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	放假
	Harbin	放假
	Singapore	放假
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	放假
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	放假
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	放假
	Wanrong	放假
	Xi'an	放假
	Xining	放假
	Xuzhou	放假
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	放假, 撒學
	Lanzhou	放假
	Ürümqi	放假
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	放假
	Wuhan	放假
	Guiyang	放假
	Guilin	放假
	Liuzhou	放假
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	放假
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	放假
Cantonese	Hong Kong	放假
	Taishan	放假
	Dongguan	放假
Gan	Nanchang	放假
	Lichuan	放假
	Pingxiang	放假
Hakka	Meixian	放假
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	放假
	Yudu	放假
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	放假, 放嫽
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	放假, 放嫽
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	放假, 放嫽
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	放假, 放嫽
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	放假, 放嫽
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	放假, 歇睏
Huizhou	Jixi	放假
Jin	Taiyuan	放假
Jin	Xinzhou	放假
Northern Min	Jian'ou	放假
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	放假
Southern Min	Xiamen	放假, 放冬
	Quanzhou	放假
	Jinjiang	放冬
	Zhangzhou	放假, 放冬
	Tainan	放假
	Penang (Hokkien)	放假
	Singapore (Hokkien)	放假
	Manila (Hokkien)	放假
	Haikou	放假
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	放假
Wu	Shanghai	放假
	Shanghai (Chongming)	放假
	Suzhou	放假
	Danyang	放假
	Hangzhou	放假
	Ningbo	放假
	Wenzhou	放假
	Jinhua	放假
Xiang	Changsha	放假
Xiang	Loudi	散假

Related terms

假期 (jiàqī)
休假 (xiūjià)

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “1813 放假（指寒暑假）”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 467.