斯坦
Chinese
phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (斯坦) |
斯 | 坦 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: sītǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sihtǎn
- Wade–Giles: ssŭ1-tʻan3
- Yale: sz̄-tǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sytaan
- Palladius: сытань (sytanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: si1 taan2
- Yale: sī táan
- Cantonese Pinyin: si1 taan2
- Guangdong Romanization: xi1 tan2
- Sinological IPA (key): /siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-thán
- Tâi-lô: su-thán
- Phofsit Daibuun: su'tarn
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sir-thán
- Tâi-lô: sir-thán
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ³³ tʰan⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Etymology 1
Ultimately from Indo-Iranian languages such as Persian ـستان (-estân), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam. See also 震旦 (MC tsyinH tanH, “Cīnastan, abode of the Cīna”).
Suffix
斯坦
- -stan (frequently found in country and region names of Central Asia)
- 她對幾個斯坦鄰居更是充滿隔閡,毫無興趣。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2018 October 15, 刘子超 (Liu Zichao), 《比什凯克 一座中亚边城的浮世绘》, in 《南方人物周刊》 [Southern People Weekly], →ISSN, issue 569, page 64
- Tā duì jǐge sītǎn línjū gèng shì chōngmǎn géhé, háowú xìngqù. [Pinyin]
- She feels there's even a barrier between her few -stan neighbors, apathetic to them.
她对几个斯坦邻居更是充满隔阂,毫无兴趣。 [MSC, simp.]
- (often humorous) Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country.
- (neologism, derogatory, ethnic slur) -stan (used after European and American place names to emphasize that there are many Middle Easterners or Muslims there)
- 法蘭西斯坦/法兰西斯坦 ― Fǎlánxīsītǎn ― Francostan (France)
Usage notes
- 巴勒斯坦 (Bālèsītǎn) also ends with 斯坦, but it is not formed with this suffix.
Derived terms
- 俾路支斯坦 (Bǐlùzhīsītǎn)
- 印度斯坦 (Yìndùsītǎn)
- 吉爾吉斯斯坦 / 吉尔吉斯斯坦 (Jí'ěrjísīsītǎn)
- 哈薩克斯坦 / 哈萨克斯坦
- 土庫曼斯坦 / 土库曼斯坦 (Tǔkùmànsītǎn)
- 塔吉克斯坦 (Tǎjíkèsītǎn)
- 塔塔爾斯坦 / 塔塔尔斯坦
- 巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn)
- 巴爾蒂斯坦 / 巴尔蒂斯坦 (Bā'ěrdìsītǎn)
- 庫爾德斯坦 / 库尔德斯坦 (Kù'ěrdésītǎn)
- 拉賈斯坦 / 拉贾斯坦 (Lājiǎsītǎn)
- 烏茲別克斯坦 / 乌兹别克斯坦 (Wūzībiékèsītǎn)
- 班圖斯坦 / 班图斯坦 (bāntúsītǎn)
- 突厥斯坦 (Tūjuésītǎn)
- 維吾爾斯坦 / 维吾尔斯坦 (Wéiwú'ěrsītǎn)
- 興都斯坦 / 兴都斯坦 (Xīngdūsītǎn)
- 達吉斯坦 / 达吉斯坦 (Dájísītǎn)
- 韃靼斯坦 / 鞑靼斯坦 (Dádásītǎn)
Etymology 2
Proper noun
斯坦
- Stan (a male given name in English)
Etymology 3
Suffix
斯坦
- -stein (stone, often appearing as a part of a geographical or personal name)
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Proper noun
斯坦
- Stains (a city in France)