杉

See also: 衫
杉 U+6749, 杉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6749
← 杈
[U+6748] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 杊 →
[U+674A]

Translingual

Han character

杉 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹竹 (DHHH), four-corner 42922, composition ⿰木彡)

Derived characters

  • 𱒩, 涁, 𬫕, 𣒡, 𪓫

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14452
  • Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1161, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6749

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 杉
alternative forms 檆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (彡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
杉 *sreːm
彡 *sroːm, *slom
衫 *sroːm
髟 *priw, *piw, *sroːm
釤 *sraːms
䑣 *l̥ʰun
彤 *l'uːŋ
浵 *l'uːŋ
肜 *luŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sreːm): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 彡 (OC *sroːm, *slom).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 杉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 所咸切
Baxter sream
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʃˠɛm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʃᵚæm/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʃɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʂəɨm/
Li
Rong 		/ʃɐm/
Wang
Li 		/ʃɐm/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʂăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		saam1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 杉
Reading # 1/1
No. 11042
Phonetic
component 		彡
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		攕
Old
Chinese 		/*sreːm/
Notes 同檆，三國後俗體

Definitions

杉

  1. fir (various species of conifers)
    杉木  ―  shānmù  ―  Cunninghamia lanceolata (China fir)
    冷杉  ―  lěngshān  ―  Abies (firs)
    南洋杉  ―  nányángshān  ―  Araucaria cunninghamii (hoop pine)
  2. Used in transliterations.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

杉

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: せん (sen)←せん (sen, historical)←せむ (semu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: さん (san)←さん (san, historical)←さむ (samu, ancient)
  • Kun: すぎ (sugi, 杉, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
杉
すぎ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
椙

From Old Japanese 杉 (sugi2), which Miyake (1997) (apud Schuessler, 2007) associates with Old Chinese 松 (OC *sɢloŋ). Ultimately comes from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *sunkOi.[1]

First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

杉(すぎ) or 杉(スギ) • (sugi) 

  1. Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Usage notes
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スギ (sugi).
Descendants
  • → English: sugi

Proper noun

杉(すぎ) • (Sugi) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
杉
すぎ
Grade: S
(ateji)
kun'yomi

This kanji is an ateji (当て字).

Suffix

杉(すぎ) • (-sugi) 

  1. (Internet slang, dated) alternative spelling of 過ぎ (“excessively, form of 過ぎる (sugiru)”)

References

  1. ^ Schuessler, Axel (2007). An Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese. University of Hawaii Press. p. 479
  2. ^ “杉・椙”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

杉 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)

  1. (삼나무): Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)

Vietnamese

Han character

杉: Hán Nôm readings: sam, trinh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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