牽

See also: 牵

牽	U+727D, 牽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-727D

← 牼
[U+727C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

牾 →
[U+727E]

Translingual

Han character

牽 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜女月手 (YVBQ), four-corner 0050₃, composition ⿱⿻玄冖牛)

Derived characters

𠍉, 𫫣, 撁, 𣽲, 𨼀, 𨖱, 㯠, 縴, 𧐤, 𧲀, 𨄢, 鏲

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 701, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20025
Dae Jaweon: page 1114, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1811, character 11
Unihan data for U+727D

Chinese

trad.		牽
simp.		牵
alternative forms		𪺮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
牽	kʰiːn, kʰiːns
縴	*kʰiːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰiːn, *kʰiːns): phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn) + semantic 牛 (“cow, ox”) — leading an ox by hand. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “What about the 冖?”)

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiān (qian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hin¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khiên / khiân

(Hailu, HRS): kien^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): kian¹
Jin (Wiktionary): qie¹
Eastern Min (BUC): kĕng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): keng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khan / khian / khen

(Teochew, Peng'im): kang¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹chi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cian
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
  - Yale: chyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hin¹
  - Yale: hīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: kien^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiân
  - Hakka Romanization System: kian^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kien^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰien⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: kian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰian⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: qie¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛiŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: keng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: keng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: keng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khan
  - Tâi-lô: khan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qafn
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /kʰan⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an): /kʰan³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khian
  - Tâi-lô: khian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiefn
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /kʰiɛn⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰiɛn³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Hui'an)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khen
  - Tâi-lô: khen
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qefn
  - IPA (Hui'an): /kʰen³³/

Note:

khan - vernacular;
khian/khen - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: kang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khang
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaŋ³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹chi
  - MiniDict: chi^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/

Middle Chinese: khen

Rime
Character	牽
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	苦堅切
Baxter	khen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛn/
Li Rong	/kʰen/
Wang Li	/kʰien/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hin¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤi[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰiːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	牽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān
Middle Chinese	‹ khen ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʰˁi[n]/
English	pull, lead, drag
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牽
Reading #	1/2
No.	10175
Phonetic component
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰiːn/
Notes	古簡象引牛而非玄聲

Definitions

牽

to drag; to pull; to lead by hand
牽著你的手／牵着你的手 ― qiānzhe nǐ de shǒu ― holding on to your hand

牽著一頭牛／牵着一头牛 ― qiānzhe yī tóu niú ― leading a cow
- 1986, “敢問路在何方 [Dare I ask where the road is?]”, 閻肅 [Yan Su] (lyrics), 許鏡清 [Xu Jingqing] (music):
  
  你挑着擔，我牽着馬；…… [MSC, trad.]
  你挑着担，我牵着马；…… [MSC, simp.]
  nǐ tiāo zhuó dān, wǒ qiān zhuó mǎ;...... [Pinyin]
  You carry the luggage, I lead the horse; [...]
to involve; to drag in
to think about (someone); to be concerned about
to hold up; to hinder; to drag (someone)
a surname

Compounds

了無牽掛 / 了无牵挂 (liǎowúqiānguà)
做牽頭 / 做牵头
利鎖名牽 / 利锁名牵
割肚牽腸 / 割肚牵肠
勾牽 / 勾牵
思惹情牽 / 思惹情牵
意惹情牽 / 意惹情牵
拘文牽俗 / 拘文牵俗
拉牽 / 拉牵
拘牽 / 拘牵
掛牽 / 挂牵 (guàqiān)
掛肚牽心 / 挂肚牵心
掛肚牽腸 / 挂肚牵肠
擎蒼牽黃 / 擎苍牵黄
擔酒牽羊 / 担酒牵羊
無所牽掛 / 无所牵挂
無牽無掛 / 无牵无挂 (wúqiānwúguà)
牽三掛四 / 牵三挂四
牽五掛四 / 牵五挂四
牽亡 / 牵亡 (qiānwáng)
牽亡歌 / 牵亡歌
牽亡陣 / 牵亡阵
牽伸 / 牵伸
牽制 / 牵制 (qiānzhì)
牽動 / 牵动 (qiāndòng)
牽合 / 牵合
牽合附會 / 牵合附会
牽就 / 牵就 (qiānjiù)
牽引 / 牵引 (qiānyǐn)
牽引機 / 牵引机
牽引療法 / 牵引疗法
牽強 / 牵强 (qiānqiǎng)
牽強附會 / 牵强附会 (qiānqiǎngfùhuì)
牽彩 / 牵彩
牽手 / 牵手 (qiānshǒu)
牽扯 / 牵扯 (qiānchě)
牽挺 / 牵挺
牽掛 / 牵挂 (qiānguà)
牽掣 / 牵掣 (qiānchè)
牽機藥 / 牵机药
牽涉 / 牵涉 (qiānshè)
牽牛 / 牵牛 (qiānniú)
牽牛拔樁 / 牵牛拔桩
牽牛星 / 牵牛星 (Qiānniúxīng)
牽牛織女 / 牵牛织女
牽牛花 / 牵牛花 (qiānniúhuā)
牽猴 / 牵猴 (khan-kâu) (Min Nan)
牽籐帶葉 / 牵藤带叶
牽紅線 / 牵红线
牽絆 / 牵绊 (qiānbàn)
牽累 / 牵累 (qiānlěi)
牽絲 / 牵丝
牽絲娶婦 / 牵丝娶妇
牽絲戲 / 牵丝戏
牽絲扳藤 / 牵丝扳藤
牽絲攀藤 / 牵丝攀藤
牽線 / 牵线 (qiānxiàn)
牽線搭橋 / 牵线搭桥
牽縈 / 牵萦
牽纏 / 牵缠
牽罟 / 牵罟
牽羊成禮 / 牵羊成礼
牽羊擔酒 / 牵羊担酒
牽肚掛腸 / 牵肚挂肠
牽腸割肚 / 牵肠割肚
牽腸掛肚 / 牵肠挂肚
牽蘿補屋 / 牵萝补屋
牽裳 / 牵裳
牽記 / 牵记
牽豬哥 / 牵猪哥
牽車 / 牵车
牽車仔 / 牵车仔
牽連 / 牵连 (qiānlián)
牽連犯 / 牵连犯 (qiānliánfàn)
牽頭 / 牵头 (qiāntóu)
牽馬 / 牵马 (qiānmǎ)
牽鼻子 / 牵鼻子
福業相牽 / 福业相牵
細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 / 细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 (sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû) (Min Nan)
繡幙牽絲 / 绣幙牵丝
纏牽 / 缠牵
肉袒牽羊 / 肉袒牵羊
裡牽綿 / 里牵绵
順手牽羊 / 顺手牵羊 (shùnshǒuqiānyáng)
風牽 / 风牵
餼牽 / 饩牵
魂牽夢縈 / 魂牵梦萦 (húnqiān-mèngyíng)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiàn (qian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien⁴
  - Yale: chyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: khenH

Rime
Character	牽
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	苦甸切
Baxter	khenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛn^H/
Li Rong	/kʰen^H/
Wang Li	/kʰien^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hin³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰiːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牽
Reading #	2/2
No.	10177
Phonetic component
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	俔
Old Chinese	/*kʰiːns/

Definitions

牽

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 縴 / 纤 (“tow rope”)

Pronunciation 3

Eastern Min (BUC): kèng

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kèng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛiŋ⁵³/

Definitions

牽

(Eastern Min) to clutch

Japanese

Kanji

牽

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: けん (ken)
Kan-on: けん (ken)
Kun: ひく (hiku, 牽く)

Korean

Hanja

牽 (eumhun 당길 견 (danggil gyeon))

hanja form^? of 견 (“draw, pull, attract”)

Vietnamese

Han character

牽: Hán Nôm readings: khiên, khin

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.