癩

See also: 癞

癩	U+7669, 癩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7669

← 癨
[U+7668]

CJK Unified Ideographs

癪 →
[U+766A]

癩	U+F90E, 癩 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F90E

← 懶
[U+F90D]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

羅 →
[U+F90F]

Translingual

Han character

癩 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+16, 21 strokes, cangjie input 大木中金 (KDLC), four-corner 0018₆, composition ⿸疒賴)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 782, character 41
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22622
Dae Jaweon: page 1192, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2703, character 10
Unihan data for U+7669

Unihan data for U+F90E

Chinese

trad.		癩
simp.		癞
alternative forms		癘／疠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (賴) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
賴	*raːds
籟	*raːds
癩	raːds, raːd
瀨	*raːds
藾	*raːds
攋	raːds, reːdʔ, *raːd
懶	*raːnʔ
嬾	*raːnʔ
獺	r̥ʰaːd, hr'aːd

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lài (lai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄞˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nai⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): laai⁶ / laai³ / laat⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): lâi
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lāi / thái
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶la

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lài
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lài
  - Wade–Giles: lai⁴
  - Yale: lài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lay
  - Palladius: лай (laj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /laɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nai²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: laai⁶ / laai³ / laat⁶
  - Yale: laaih / laai / laaht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: laai⁶ / laai³ / laat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lai⁶ / lai³ / lad⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /laːi̯²²/, /laːi̯³³/, /laːt̚²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ɑi²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāi
  - Tâi-lô: lāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lai
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lai²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thái
  - Tâi-lô: thái
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tae
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰai⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai⁴¹/

Note:

lāi - literary;
thái - vernacular (俗).

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶la
  - MiniDict: la^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³la
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /la²³/

Middle Chinese: lajH, lat

Rime
Character	癩	癩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	落蓋切	盧達切
Baxter	lajH	lat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/laj^H/	/lat̚/
Li Rong	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Wang Li	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑi^H/	/lɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lài	là
Expected Cantonese Reflex	laai⁶	laat⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*raːds/, /*raːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	癩	癩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	7633	7641
Phonetic component	賴	賴
Rime group	祭	月
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	賴	剌
Old Chinese	/*raːds/	/*raːd/

Definitions

癩

leprosy
(regional) favus, especially of the scalp
coarse; uneven; rough

Compounds

好癩 / 好癞
疥癩 / 疥癞
癩子 / 癞子 (làizi)
癩瓜 / 癞瓜 (làiguā)
癩病 / 癞病 (làibìng)
癩皮狗 / 癞皮狗 (làipígǒu)
癩皮病 / 癞皮病
癩蝦蟆 / 癞虾蟆 (làiháma)
癩頭 / 癞头
癩頭跣腳 / 癞头跣脚
癩頭黿 / 癞头鼋 (làitóuyuán)
粗癩癩 / 粗癞癞

Descendants

⇒ Tangwang: lɛ²⁴ > lɛ²⁴pa⁴⁴xa⁴²

Japanese

Kanji

癩

(Hyōgai kanji)

leprosy
Synonyms: 厲, 癘

Readings

Go-on: らい (rai)^{←らい (rai, historical)}
Kan-on: らい (rai)^{←らい (rai, historical)}
Kun: かったい (kattai, 癩)

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 癩 (MC lajH).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɾa̠i]

Noun

癩(らい) • (rai)

(dated, derogatory) leprosy
Synonyms: (common) ハンセン病 (Hansen-byō), (dated, derogatory) 癩病 (raibyō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
癩
かったい Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 癩 – see the following entry.

【乞丐かったい】

[noun] (archaic, derogatory) leprosy

[noun] beggar

[noun] (derogatory) idiot, fool

(This term, 癩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

癩 (eumhun 나병(癩病) 라 (nabyeong ra), word-initial (South Korea) 나병(癩病) 나 (nabyeong na))

hanja form^? of 나 (“leprosy”)

Vietnamese

Han character

癩: Hán Nôm readings: lại, cùi, lầy

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