直視
See also: 直视
Chinese
straight; vertical; frank straight; vertical; frank; directly; straightly; upright |
to look at; to regard; to inspect | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (直視) | 直 | 視 | |
| simp. (直视) | 直 | 视 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zik6 si6
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ced6 si4
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ti̍t-sī
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhíshì
- Zhuyin: ㄓˊ ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhíhshìh
- Wade–Giles: chih2-shih4
- Yale: jŕ-shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyrshyh
- Palladius: чжиши (čžiši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 執事 / 执事
直視 / 直视
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zik6 si6
- Yale: jihk sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzik9 si6
- Guangdong Romanization: jig6 xi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɪk̚² siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti̍t-sī
- Tâi-lô: ti̍t-sī
- Phofsit Daibuun: didsi
- IPA (Xiamen): /tit̚⁴⁻³² si²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tit̚²⁴⁻² si⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ si²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /tit̚⁴⁻³² si³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tit̚⁴⁻³² si³³/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
直視
Synonyms
- (to face):
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 直 | 視 |
| ちょく Grade: 2 |
し Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ちょくし [chòk
úshí] (Heiban – [0])[1] - (Tokyo) ちょくし [chóꜜk
ùshì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1] - IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞kɯ̟̊ɕi]
Noun
直視 • (chokushi)
- looking someone in the eyes; facing up to
Verb
直視する • (chokushi suru) transitive suru (stem 直視し (chokushi shi), past 直視した (chokushi shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "直視する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 直視し | ちょくしし | chokushi shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 直視し | ちょくしし | chokushi shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 直視する | ちょくしする | chokushi suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 直視する | ちょくしする | chokushi suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 直視すれ | ちょくしすれ | chokushi sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 直視せよ¹ 直視しろ² |
ちょくしせよ¹ ちょくししろ² |
chokushi seyo¹ chokushi shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 直視される | ちょくしされる | chokushi sareru | |
| Causative | 直視させる 直視さす |
ちょくしさせる ちょくしさす |
chokushi saseru chokushi sasu | |
| Potential | 直視できる | ちょくしできる | chokushi dekiru | |
| Volitional | 直視しよう | ちょくししよう | chokushi shiyō | |
| Negative | 直視しない | ちょくししない | chokushi shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 直視せず | ちょくしせず | chokushi sezu | |
| Formal | 直視します | ちょくしします | chokushi shimasu | |
| Perfective | 直視した | ちょくしした | chokushi shita | |
| Conjunctive | 直視して | ちょくしして | chokushi shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 直視すれば | ちょくしすれば | chokushi sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN