石棉

Chinese

		rock; stone; 10 pecks	cotton
simp. and trad. (石棉)		石	棉
alternative forms		石綿／石绵 chiefly Taiwan

Etymology

Dating back to the early 20th century – see below for citations.

Previous names include: 石絨 [since 13th century], 石麻, 不灰木, 不盡木, 不燼木, 火浣布.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shímián

(Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄇㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sek⁶ min⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siŏh-mièng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h-mî

(Teochew, Peng'im): zioh⁸ mi⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zaq-mi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shímián
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄇㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shíhmián
  - Wade–Giles: shih²-mien²
  - Yale: shŕ-myán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrmian
  - Palladius: шимянь (šimjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    石棉
    石綿 / 石绵
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sek⁶ min⁴
  - Yale: sehk mìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sek⁹ min⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ség⁶ min⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːk̚² miːn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    石棉
    石綿 / 石绵
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siŏh-mièng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoʔ⁵⁻³³ mieŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h-mî
  - Tâi-lô: tsio̍h-mî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioiqmii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mĩ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zioh⁸ mi⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsio̍h mî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sioʔ⁴⁻² mi⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸zaq-mi
  - MiniDict: zah^入 mi
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zaq-mi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zaʔ¹¹ mi²³/

Noun

石棉

asbestos
石棉肺 ― shímiánfèi ― asbestosis
- 有金、銅、石棉諸礦，林木亦富。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  有金、铜、石棉诸矿，林木亦富。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Draft History of Qing
  Yǒu jīn, tóng, shímián zhū kuàng, línmù yì fù. [Pinyin]
  (It) has gold, copper and asbestos deposits, and is also rich in forests.
- 石棉：臺東內山有產。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  石棉：台东内山有产。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Panorama of Taiwan History (《臺灣通史》)
  Shímián: Táidōng nèishān yǒu chǎn. [Pinyin]
  Asbestos: produced in the inland mountains of Eastern Taiwan.

Derived terms

石棉瓦
石棉病
石棉症
石棉肺 (shímiánfèi)

Proper noun

石棉

(～縣) Shimian County (a county of Ya'an, Sichuan, China)