竟
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Translingual
Han character
竟 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日竹山 (YTAHU), four-corner 00216, composition ⿱音儿)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 871, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25757
- Dae Jaweon: page 1301, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2710, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7ADF
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
竟 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 傹 ancient | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 竟 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Uncertain. At least three theories exist:
According to the version on bronzes and Yu Shengwu (于省吾), 辛 ("chisel to mark prisoners") + 人 ("man"); the character indicates a punishment and, according to Yu Shengwu, it is the original version of 黥. Compare the phonetic component of 接.
According to He Linyi (何琳儀), it is the contraction of the character 競.
According to Shuowen, it is an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 音 (“sound”) + 儿 (“man”) (originally written as 舌 and 人) - a man has spoken. This interpretation is partly related to 競.
Etymology
Cognate with 境 (OC *kraŋʔ, “boundary”) (Schuelsser, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
- Wade–Giles: ching4
- Yale: jìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
- Palladius: цзин (czin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ging2
- Yale: gíng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ging2
- Guangdong Romanization: ging2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɪŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng
- Tâi-lô: kìng
- Phofsit Daibuun: kexng
- IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gêng2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kéng
- Sinological IPA (key): /keŋ⁵²/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: kjaengH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]raŋʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kraŋs/
Definitions
竟
- to finish; to end (literary)
- finally; after all; at last (literary)
- unexpectedly; to one's surprise; surprisingly
- whole; entire
Synonyms
- (unexpectedly):
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 居然, 竟然, 竟 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 居然, 竟然 |
| Singapore | 竟然 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 敢, 硬敢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 居然 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 竟然 |
| Hong Kong | 竟然, 居然, 竟然間 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 煞, 竟然 |
| Quanzhou | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Zhangzhou | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Tainan | 煞, 竟然 | |
| Jieyang | 夰, 紲, 一回, 落, 敢敢 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 居然, 竟然, 竟, 先勿先, 伊講 |
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 竟 |
| つい Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 竟 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 竟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
竟 (eumhun 다할 경 (dahal gyeong))
Vietnamese
Han character
竟: Hán Nôm readings: cánh, cạnh, giạnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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