笄

笄	U+7B04, 笄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B04

← 笃
[U+7B03]

CJK Unified Ideographs

笅 →
[U+7B05]

Translingual

Han character

笄 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹一廿 (HMT), four-corner 8844₁, composition ⿱𥫗开)

Derived characters

䗗, 𨲡, 𱈸

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 878, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25862
Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2949, character 9
Unihan data for U+7B04

Chinese

trad.		笄
simp. ^#		笄
alternative forms		筓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 笄
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (幵) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
笄	*kŋeː
枅	*kŋeː
蚈	kŋeː, ŋ̊ʰeːn
羿	*ŋeːs
栞	*ŋ̊ʰaːn
雃	ŋaːn, ŋ̊ʰeːn
詽	ŋreːn, tŋ̊ʰeːn
揅	*ŋeːn
幵	*kŋeːn
鳽	kŋeːn, ŋeːn, ŋ̊ʰreːŋ, ŋreːɡ
豣	kŋeːn, ŋeːns
麉	kŋeːn, ŋ̊ʰeːn
趼	kŋeːnʔ, ŋeːn, *ŋeːns
汧	ŋ̊ʰeːn, ŋ̊ʰeːns
岍	*ŋ̊ʰeːn
研	ŋɡeːn, ŋeːns
妍	*ŋeːn
訮	*hŋeːn
鈃	*ɡeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kŋeː): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn). See also the top component of 每.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jī (ji¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gai¹
Eastern Min (BUC): giĕ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ke

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jī
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ji
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gai¹
  - Yale: gāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐi̯⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kie⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ge¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ge¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke
  - Tâi-lô: ke
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ke⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ke³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ke⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: kej

Rime
Character	笄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古奚切
Baxter	kej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kei/
Pan Wuyun	/kei/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛj/
Li Rong	/kei/
Wang Li	/kiei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gai¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤer/

(Zhengzhang): /*kŋeː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	笄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jī
Middle Chinese	‹ kej ›
Old Chinese	/[k]ˁer/ (dialect: -r > *-j)
English	hpaililraprin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	笄
Reading #	1/1
No.	6152
Phonetic component	幵
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	雞
Old Chinese	/*kŋeː/

Definitions

笄

(historical) hairpin of women, perhaps made of bamboo
(historical, of a woman) to become an adult at age 15 and start wearing a hairpin

Compounds

副笄
加笄
及笄 (jíjī)
弱笄
既笄
磨笄
笄丱
笄冠
笄字
笄年
笄禮 / 笄礼
編笄 / 编笄
香笄腳 / 香笄脚
驢生笄角 / 驴生笄角
骨笄

References

“笄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 302.
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “笄”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 98.

Japanese

Kanji

笄

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: けい (kei)
Kun: こうがい (kōgai)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
笄
こうがい Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɡa̠i]

Noun

笄(こうがい) • (kōgai)

tapered hairpin with a flat end used to put up hair
square hair stick used as a structural element in women's hairstyles
a sword accessory in the shape of a tapered hair-pin, used as a grooming tool
clipping of 笄髷 (kōgai-wage, “an Edo period women's hairstyle”)

Derived terms

笄石菖(コウガイゼキショウ) (kōgai-zekishō)
笄草(こうがいぐさ) (kōgai-gusa)
笄蛭(こうがいびる) (kōgai-biru)
笄藻(コウガイモ) (kōgai-mo)
笄髷(こうがいわげ) (kōgai-wage)
琉球笄(りゅうきゅうこうがい) (ryūkyū kōgai)