荇菜

Chinese

		Limnanthemum nymphoides	dish (type of food); vegetables
trad. (荇菜)		荇	菜
simp. ^#(荇菜)		荇	菜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xìngcài

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄘㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hang⁶ coi³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hēng-chhài

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xìngcài
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄘㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìngcài
  - Wade–Giles: hsing⁴-tsʻai⁴
  - Yale: syìng-tsài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinqtsay
  - Palladius: синцай (sincaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hang⁶ coi³
  - Yale: hahng choi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hang⁶ tsoi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: heng⁶ coi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐŋ²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēng-chhài
  - Tâi-lô: hīng-tshài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hexngzhaix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰai²¹/

Middle Chinese: haengX tshojH

Rime
Character	荇	菜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	何梗切	倉代切
Baxter	haengX	tshojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠæŋ^X/	/t͡sʰʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚaŋ^X/	/t͡sʰəi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣaŋ^X/	/t͡sʰɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨjŋ^X/	/t͡sʰəj^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɐŋ^X/	/t͡sʰᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/ɣɐŋ^X/	/t͡sʰɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɐŋ^X/	/t͡sʰɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hèng	cài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hang⁶	coi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤraŋʔ s.r̥ˤəʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːŋʔ sʰɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荇	菜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xìng	cài
Middle Chinese	‹ hæng^X ›	‹ tshoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁraŋʔ/	/*s.r̥ˁəʔ-s/
English	Limnanthemum nymphoides	vegetables
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荇	菜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13875	1076
Phonetic component	行	采
Rime group	陽	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	杏	菜
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːŋʔ/	/*sʰɯːs/
Notes	說文同莕

Noun

荇菜

fringed water lily (Nymphoides peltata)
- 參差荇菜，左右流之 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  参差荇菜，左右流之 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Cēncī xìngcài, zuǒyòu liú zhī [Pinyin]
  Here long, there short, is the duckweed, To the left, to the right, borne about by the current.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
荇	菜
あさざ
Hyōgai	Grade: 4
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
莕菜

Noun

荇菜(あさざ) or 荇菜(アサザ) • (asaza) ^{←あざさ (azasa)^?}

fringed water lily, Nymphoides peltata

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).