虐待

Chinese

		oppressive; tyrannical	wait; treat; deal with wait; treat; deal with; need; about; intending to do something; stay; delay
trad. (虐待)		虐	待
simp. ^#(虐待)		虐	待

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nüèdài

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄩㄝˋ ㄉㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joek⁶ doi⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngio̍k-thai

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngiog⁵ toi⁴
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gyorh⁷ dai⁵ / gyoeh⁷ dai⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lio̍k-thǎi / ge̍k-thāi / lio̍k-thāi / gia̍k-thāi / gio̍k-thāi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngiag⁸ tai⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nüèdài
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄩㄝˋ ㄉㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nyuèdài
  - Wade–Giles: nüeh⁴-tai⁴
  - Yale: nywè-dài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niuehday
  - Palladius: нюэдай (njuedaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ny̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: joek⁶ doi⁶
  - Yale: yeuhk doih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁹ doi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêg⁶ doi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːk̚² tɔːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngio̍k-thai
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiog tai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiog⁶ tai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯ok̚⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiog⁵ toi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋiɔk̚¹ tʰoɪ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gyorh⁷ dai⁵ [Phonetic: gyorh⁴ dai⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gio̤̍h-dāi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyɒʔ⁴⁻⁴² tai¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gyoeh⁷ dai⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyøʔ⁴ tai²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k-thǎi
  - Tâi-lô: lio̍k-thǎi
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴⁻² tʰai²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ge̍k-thāi
  - Tâi-lô: gi̍k-thāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gegtai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tʰai³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k-thāi
  - Tâi-lô: lio̍k-thāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liogtai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɔk̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍k-thāi
  - Tâi-lô: gia̍k-thāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giagtai
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰai²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍k-thāi
  - Tâi-lô: gio̍k-thāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giogtai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² tʰai³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngiag⁸ tai⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngia̍k thăi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiak̚⁴⁻² tʰai³⁵/

Verb

虐待

to abuse; to maltreat; to be cruel to
虐待動物／虐待动物 ― nüèdài dòngwù ― to be cruel to animals; animal cruelty

虐待百姓 ― nüèdài bǎixìng ― to abuse the masses

Synonyms

施虐 (shīnüè)
(Hokkien) 持蕩／持荡
(Jin) 克吝

Antonyms

優待／优待 (yōudài)

Derived terms

兒童虐待 / 儿童虐待 (értóng nüèdài)
性虐待 (xìngnüèdài)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
虐	待
ぎゃく Grade: S	たい Grade: 3
on'yomi	kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぎゃくたい [gyàkútáí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɡʲa̠kɯ̟ta̠i]

Noun

虐(ぎゃく)待(たい) • (gyakutai)

abuse

Verb

虐(ぎゃく)待(たい)する • (gyakutai suru) transitive suru (stem 虐(ぎゃく)待(たい)し (gyakutai shi), past 虐(ぎゃく)待(たい)した (gyakutai shita))

abuse; maltreat; ill-treat
最(さい)近(きん)は親(おや)が子(こ)供(ども)を虐(ぎゃく)待(たい)することが多(おお)くなった。
Saikin wa oya ga kodomo o gyakutai suru koto ga ōku natta.
There have been more and more cases recently of parents abusing their children.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "虐待する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	虐待し	ぎゃくたいし	gyakutai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	虐待し	ぎゃくたいし	gyakutai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	虐待する	ぎゃくたいする	gyakutai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	虐待する	ぎゃくたいする	gyakutai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	虐待すれ	ぎゃくたいすれ	gyakutai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	虐待せよ¹ 虐待しろ²	ぎゃくたいせよ¹ ぎゃくたいしろ²	gyakutai seyo¹ gyakutai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	虐待される	ぎゃくたいされる	gyakutai sareru
Causative	虐待させる虐待さす	ぎゃくたいさせるぎゃくたいさす	gyakutai saseru gyakutai sasu
Potential	虐待できる	ぎゃくたいできる	gyakutai dekiru
Volitional	虐待しよう	ぎゃくたいしよう	gyakutai shiyō
Negative	虐待しない	ぎゃくたいしない	gyakutai shinai
Negative continuative	虐待せず	ぎゃくたいせず	gyakutai sezu
Formal	虐待します	ぎゃくたいします	gyakutai shimasu
Perfective	虐待した	ぎゃくたいした	gyakutai shita
Conjunctive	虐待して	ぎゃくたいして	gyakutai shite
Hypothetical conditional	虐待すれば	ぎゃくたいすれば	gyakutai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
虐	待

Noun

虐待 • (hakdae) (hangeul 학대)

hanja form^? of 학대 (“abuse”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
虐	待

Verb

虐待

chữ Hán form of ngược đãi (“to mistreat; to abuse”)

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]