袈裟

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (袈裟)		袈	裟
alternative forms		毠㲚𣮫㲚𧛣裟迦沙

Etymology

From Sanskrit काषाय (kāṣāya, “brownish red; brown-red cloth or garment”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāshā

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa¹ saa¹
Gan (Wiktionary): ga¹ sa
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâ-sâ

(Hailu, HRS): ga^ˋ sa^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): gă-să
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ka-se / kee-see

(Teochew, Peng'im): gê¹ sê¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ka-so

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāshā
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiasha
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹-sha¹
  - Yale: jyā-shā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiasha
  - Palladius: цзяша (czjaša)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    加沙
    袈裟
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gaa¹ saa¹
  - Yale: gā sā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹ saa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ga¹ sa¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    加沙
    袈裟
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ga¹ sa
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁴² sa²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-sâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˊ sa^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹ sa¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴⁻¹¹ sa²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˋ sa^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ka⁵³ sa⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gă-să
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁵ ^(s-)la⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-se
  - Tâi-lô: ka-se
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kasef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ se⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³ se³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee-see
  - Tâi-lô: kee-see
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gê¹ sê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ke se
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke³³⁻²³ se³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ka-so
  - MiniDict: ka^平 so
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ka-so
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ka⁵⁵ so²¹/

Middle Chinese: kae srae

Rime
Character	袈	裟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	古牙切	所加切
Baxter	kae	srae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/	/ʃˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/	/ʃᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/	/ʃa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/	/ʂaɨ/
Li Rong	/ka/	/ʃa/
Wang Li	/ka/	/ʃa/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ka/	/ʂa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	shā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa¹	saa¹

Noun

袈裟

(Buddhism) kasaya (the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 袈裟 (“kasaya”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		袈裟, 福田衣, 水田衣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		袈裟, 百衲衣
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	袈裟
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	袈裟
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	袈裟
Cantonese	Hong Kong	袈裟
Gan	Nanchang	袈裟
Hakka	Yudu	袈裟
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	袈裟
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	袈裟
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	袈裟
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	袈裟
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	袈裟
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	袈裟
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	袈裟
Southern Min	Xiamen	八寶衫, 百補衫
	Quanzhou	八寶衫
	Zhangzhou	八寶衫, 百布衣
Wu	Suzhou	袈裟

Derived terms

佛袈裟

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (袈裟):

→ Japanese: 袈裟(けさ) (kesa)
→ Korean: 가사(袈裟) (gasa)
→ Vietnamese: cà-sa (袈裟)

Others:

→ Zhuang: gyahsah

Japanese

Kanji in this term
袈	裟
け Jinmeiyō	さ Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Etymology

From Chinese 袈裟 (jiāshā).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けさ [kèsáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2]
(Tokyo) けさ [kèsá] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[1]
IPA^(key): [ke̞sa̠]

(Kyoto) けさ [késá] (Kōki – [0])^[1]

Noun

袈(け)裟(さ) • (kesa)

a kāṣāya

Derived terms

大(おお)袈(げ)裟(さ) (ōgesa)
坊(ぼう)主(ず)憎(にく)けりゃ袈裟(けさ)まで憎(にく)い (bōzu nikukerya kesa made nikui)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “けさ【袈裟】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
袈	裟

Noun

袈裟 • (gasa or McCune-Reischauer: kasa or Yale: kasa) (hangeul 가사)

hanja form^? of 가사 (“kāṣāya”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
袈	裟

Noun

袈裟

chữ Hán form of cà-sa (“kāṣāya”)

[NKD2O-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “けさ【袈裟】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[2]

[1]

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Japanese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun