親切
See also: 亲切
Chinese
dear; intimate; parent dear; intimate; parent; relation; closely related; parents-in-law of one's offspring |
close to; to cut; to slice | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (親切) | 親 | 切 | |
simp. (亲切) | 亲 | 切 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): can1 cit3
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qīnqiè
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cinciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻin1-chʻieh4
- Yale: chīn-chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinchieh
- Palladius: циньце (cinʹce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: can1 cit3
- Yale: chān chit
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsan1 tsit8
- Guangdong Romanization: cen1 qid3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-chhiet
- Hakka Romanization System: qinˊ qiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qin1 qiad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cinˋ cied
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³ t͡sʰiet⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-chhiat
- Tâi-lô: tshin-tshiat
- Phofsit Daibuun: chinchiad
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰin³³ t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cing1 ciag4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing tshiak
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiak̚²/
- (Hokkien)
Note: cing1 ciag4 - Shantou.
Adjective
親切
Synonyms
- (close):
- 同衾 (tóngqīn) (literary, figuratively)
- 周密 (zhōumì) (literary, of dealings)
- 密切 (mìqiè)
- 接近 (jiējìn)
- 火熱 / 火热 (huǒrè)
- 熱和 / 热和 (rèhuo) (colloquial)
- 熱火 / 热火 (rèhuǒ) (colloquial)
- 知心 (zhīxīn)
- 緊密 / 紧密 (jǐnmì)
- 親善 / 亲善 (qīnshàn) (of relations between countries)
- 親密 / 亲密 (qīnmì)
- 親熱 / 亲热 (qīnrè)
- 親近 / 亲近 (qīnjìn)
- 貼己 / 贴己 (tiējǐ)
- 貼身 / 贴身 (tiēshēn)
- 近 (jìn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 近乎 (jìnhu) (colloquial)
- 過心 / 过心 (guòxīn) (regional)
- 體己 / 体己
- (cordial):
- 允 (Classical Chinese)
- 實在 / 实在
- 實誠 / 实诚 (shíchéng) (colloquial)
- 悃誠 / 悃诚 (kǔnchéng) (literary)
- 慥慥 (zàozào) (literary)
- 懇切 / 恳切 (kěnqiè)
- 殷切 (yīnqiè)
- 熱誠 / 热诚 (rèchéng)
- 真心 (zhēnxīn)
- 真摯 / 真挚 (zhēnzhì)
- 真誠 / 真诚 (zhēnchéng)
- 老實 / 老实 (lǎoshí)
- 虔心 (qiánxīn)
- 誠信 / 诚信 (chéngxìn)
- 誠實 / 诚实 (chéngshí)
- 誠心 / 诚心 (chéngxīn)
- 誠懇 / 诚恳 (chéngkěn)
- 誠摯 / 诚挚 (chéngzhì)
- 諄諄 / 谆谆 (zhūnzhūn) (of teaching)
- 赤忱 (chìchén) (literary)
- 赤誠 / 赤诚 (chìchéng)
Derived terms
- 倍感親切 / 倍感亲切
- 親切感 / 亲切感
Related terms
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (親切):
- → Japanese: 親切 (shinsetsu)
- → Korean: 친절(親切) (chinjeol)
- → Vietnamese: thân thiết (親切)
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
親 | 切 |
しん Grade: 2 |
せつ Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
深切 (obsolete) |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese compound 親切 / 亲切 (tshin tshet, literally “blood relative + close”).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) しんせつ [shíꜜǹsètsù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- (Tokyo) しんせつ [shìńsétsú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [ɕĩɰ̃se̞t͡sɨ]
Adjective
親切 • (shinsetsu) -na (adnominal 親切な (shinsetsu na), adverbial 親切に (shinsetsu ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 親切
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 親切だろ | しんせつだろ | shinsetsu daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 親切で | しんせつで | shinsetsu de |
Terminal (終止形) | 親切だ | しんせつだ | shinsetsu da |
Attributive (連体形) | 親切な | しんせつな | shinsetsu na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 親切なら | しんせつなら | shinsetsu nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 親切であれ | しんせつであれ | shinsetsu de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 親切ではない 親切じゃない |
しんせつではない しんせつじゃない |
shinsetsu de wa nai shinsetsu ja nai |
Informal past | 親切だった | しんせつだった | shinsetsu datta |
Informal negative past | 親切ではなかった 親切じゃなかった |
しんせつではなかった しんせつじゃなかった |
shinsetsu de wa nakatta shinsetsu ja nakatta |
Formal | 親切です | しんせつです | shinsetsu desu |
Formal negative | 親切ではありません 親切じゃありません |
しんせつではありません しんせつじゃありません |
shinsetsu de wa arimasen shinsetsu ja arimasen |
Formal past | 親切でした | しんせつでした | shinsetsu deshita |
Formal negative past | 親切ではありませんでした 親切じゃありませんでした |
しんせつではありませんでした しんせつじゃありませんでした |
shinsetsu de wa arimasen deshita shinsetsu ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 親切で | しんせつで | shinsetsu de |
Conditional | 親切なら(ば) | しんせつなら(ば) | shinsetsu nara (ba) |
Provisional | 親切だったら | しんせつだったら | shinsetsu dattara |
Volitional | 親切だろう | しんせつだろう | shinsetsu darō |
Adverbial | 親切に | しんせつに | shinsetsu ni |
Degree | 親切さ | しんせつさ | shinsetsusa |
Noun
親切 • (shinsetsu)
Antonyms
Derived terms
- 親切気 (shinsetsugi): kindheartedness
- 親切心 (shinsetsushin): kindness
- 不親切 (fushinsetsu): unkindness, unfriendliness
- 老婆親切 (rōba shinsetsu): excessive solicitude
References
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
親 | 切 |
Noun
親切 • (chinjeol) (hangeul 친절)
- hanja form? of 친절 (“kindness, gentleness”)
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
親 | 切 |
Adjective
親切
- chữ Hán form of thân thiết (“close, familiar”)