鉛

See also: 铅
鉛 U+925B, 鉛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-925B
← 鉚
[U+925A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鉜 →
[U+925C]

Translingual

Alternative forms

Han character

鉛 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金金口 (CCR) or 金竹弓口 (CHNR), four-corner 88160, composition ⿰釒㕣)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1301, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40310
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1803, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4189, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+925B

Chinese

trad. 鉛
simp. 铅
alternative forms 鈆／铅
Chemical element
Pb
Previous: 鉈／铊 (tā) (Tl)
Next: 鉍／铋 (bì) (Bi)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (沿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
船 *ɦljon
沿 *lon
鉛 *lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lon): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon) – a kind of metal.

Etymology

Most varieties have a pronunciation derived from a velar initial.

  • Schuessler (2007) see it a re-etymologization towards 掔 (MC khean|khen, “solid; hard”).
  • Per Liu (2022), it is from Wu, in which the character 鉛 / 铅 is used to denote an etymon meaning "tinplate" with this velar pronunciation. As for further etymology, Liu suggested it an Indo-European-sourced borrowing, cf. English can (“metal container”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • zuei2/zuai2/ziunn2 - vernacular;
  • oeng2/ieng2 - literary.
Note:
  • ing5 - Chaozhou;
  • êng5 - Jieyang;
  • iang5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Puning, Huilai.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鉛
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiã²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /yan³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰien³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /kʰe⁵³/
Suzhou /kʰe̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /kʰa³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
/kʰɛ³¹/
Tunxi /kʰɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /yẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /yẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵyɵn⁴⁵/ ～筆
/kʰan⁴²/ 洋～桶
Hakka Meixian /ian¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyn²¹/
Nanning /yn²¹/
Hong Kong /jyn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ian³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /yiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /in³¹/
Rime
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與專切
Baxter ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/juæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jwian/
Li
Rong 		/iuɛn/
Wang
Li 		/jĭwɛn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyun4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
No. 14281
Phonetic
component 		沿
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		沿
Old
Chinese 		/*lon/

Definitions

鉛

  1. (chemistry) lead (Pb)
  2. lead (in a pencil); graphite

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 一氧化鉛 / 一氧化铅 (yīyǎnghuàqiān)
  • 丹鉛 / 丹铅
  • 丹鉛手 / 丹铅手
  • 丹鉛甲乙 / 丹铅甲乙
  • 乙酸鉛 / 乙酸铅 (yǐsuānqiān)
  • 二氧化鉛 / 二氧化铅 (èryǎnghuàqiān)
  • 二硫化鉛 / 二硫化铅
  • 反鉛 / 反铅
  • 含鉛汽油 / 含铅汽油 (hánqiān qìyóu)
  • 四乙基鉛 / 四乙基铅 (sìyǐjīqiān)
  • 四氧化三鉛 / 四氧化三铅 (sìyǎnghuàsānqiān)
  • 左鉛右槧 / 左铅右椠
  • 懷鉛 / 怀铅
  • 懷鉛提槧 / 怀铅提椠
  • 懷鉛握槧 / 怀铅握椠
  • 懷鉛握素 / 怀铅握素
  • 抱槧懷鉛 / 抱椠怀铅
  • 握槧懷鉛 / 握椠怀铅
  • 握素懷鉛 / 握素怀铅
  • 握鉛 / 握铅
  • 握鉛抱槧 / 握铅抱椠
  • 操鉛 / 操铅
  • 方鉛礦 / 方铅矿
  • 朱鉛 / 朱铅
  • 樗鉛 / 樗铅
  • 氟化鉛 / 氟化铅
  • 氧化鉛 / 氧化铅
  • 氫氧化鉛 / 氢氧化铅 (qīngyǎnghuàqiān)
  • 氯化鉛 / 氯化铅 (lǜhuàqiān)
  • 洗淨鉛華 / 洗净铅华
  • 測鉛 / 测铅
  • 火鉛 / 火铅
  • 無鉛 / 无铅 (wúqiān)
  • 無鉛汽油 / 无铅汽油
  • 獛鉛 / 獛铅
  • 白鉛皮 / 白铅皮
  • 白鉛礦 / 白铅矿 (báiqiānkuàng)
  • 百鍊鉛 / 百炼铅
  • 硫化鉛 / 硫化铅 (liúhuàqiān)
  • 硝酸鉛 / 硝酸铅 (xiāosuānqiān)
  • 硫酸鉛 / 硫酸铅 (liúsuānqiān)
  • 硝酸鉛 / 硝酸铅 (xiāosuānqiān)
  • 碘化鉛 / 碘化铅 (diǎnhuàqiān)
  • 碳酸鉛 / 碳酸铅
  • 磨鉛 / 磨铅
  • 磨鉛策蹇 / 磨铅策蹇
  • 筆鉛 / 笔铅 (bǐqiān)
  • 紅鉛 / 红铅
  • 置鉛 / 置铅
  • 膏鉛 / 膏铅
  • 自動鉛筆 / 自动铅笔 (zìdòng qiānbǐ)
  • 華鉛 / 华铅
  • 赤鉛礦 / 赤铅矿
  • 鉛中毒 / 铅中毒 (qiānzhòngdú)
  • 鉛丸 / 铅丸
  • 鉛丹 / 铅丹
  • 鉛刀 / 铅刀
  • 鉛刀一割 / 铅刀一割
  • 鉛印 / 铅印 (qiānyìn)
  • 鉛坑 / 铅坑
  • 鉛垂線 / 铅垂线 (qiānchuíxiàn)
  • 鉛子 / 铅子
  • 鉛字 / 铅字 (qiānzì)
  • 鉛字合金 / 铅字合金
  • 鉛容 / 铅容
  • 鉛察 / 铅察
  • 鉛封 / 铅封
  • 鉛幕 / 铅幕
  • 鉛彈 / 铅弹
  • 鉛摘 / 铅摘
  • 鉛擿 / 铅擿
  • 鉛板 / 铅板
  • 鉛條 / 铅条
  • 鉛桶 / 铅桶
  • 鉛槧 / 铅椠
  • 鉛母 / 铅母
  • 鉛水 / 铅水
  • 鉛汞 / 铅汞
  • 鉛淚 / 铅泪
  • 鉛澤 / 铅泽
  • 鉛版 / 铅版
  • 鉛玻璃 / 铅玻璃
  • 鉛球 / 铅球 (qiānqiú)
  • 鉛田 / 铅田
  • 鉛白 / 铅白
  • 鉛直 / 铅直 (qiānzhí)
  • 鉛砂 / 铅砂
  • 鉛砌 / 铅砌
  • 鉛碼 / 铅码
  • 鉛礦 / 铅矿 (qiānkuàng)
  • 鉛筑 / 铅筑
  • 鉛筆 / 铅笔 (qiānbǐ)
  • 鉛筆畫 / 铅笔画 (qiānbǐhuà)
  • 鉛管 / 铅管
  • 鉛粉 / 铅粉 (qiānfěn)
  • 鉛粒 / 铅粒
  • 鉛紅 / 铅红
  • 鉛素 / 铅素
  • 鉛絲 / 铅丝
  • 鉛膏 / 铅膏
  • 鉛色 / 铅色
  • 鉛花 / 铅花
  • 鉛芯 / 铅芯 (qiānxīn)
  • 鉛華 / 铅华 (qiānhuá)
  • 鉛藥 / 铅药
  • 鉛虎 / 铅虎
  • 鉛部 / 铅部
  • 鉛鈍 / 铅钝
  • 鉛銛 / 铅铦
  • 鉛鋒 / 铅锋
  • 鉛錘 / 铅锤 (qiānchuí)
  • 鉛錢 / 铅钱
  • 鉛錫 / 铅锡
  • 鉛鍔 / 铅锷
  • 鉛鐵 / 铅铁
  • 鉛鑞 / 铅镴
  • 鉛霜 / 铅霜
  • 鉛駑 / 铅驽
  • 鉛黃 / 铅黄
  • 鉛墨 / 铅墨
  • 鉛黛 / 铅黛
  • 鉛鼎 / 铅鼎
  • 鉻酸鉛 / 铬酸铅 (gèsuānqiān)
  • 飛鉛 / 飞铅
  • 養汞調鉛 / 养汞调铅
  • 駑鉛 / 驽铅
  • 駑馬鉛刀 / 驽马铅刀
  • 黑鉛 / 黑铅

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與專切
Baxter ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/juæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jwian/
Li
Rong 		/iuɛn/
Wang
Li 		/jĭwɛn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyun4

Definitions

鉛

  1. used in 鉛山／铅山 (Yánshān)

References

  • “鉛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “铅”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 227.

Japanese

Shinjitai 鉛
Kyūjitai
[1]
鉛󠄁
鉛+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
鉛󠄅
鉛+󠄅?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

鉛

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)
  • Kun: なまり (namari, 鉛, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Perhaps related to Goguryeo 乃勿 (*namur). Compare Korean 납 (nap).

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
鉛
なまり
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Chemical element
Pb
Previous: タリウム (tariumu) (Tl)
Next: ビスマス (bisumasu) (Bi)
  • (Tokyo) なまり [nàmárí] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [na̠ma̠ɾʲi]

Noun

鉛(なまり) • (namari)  (uncountable)

  1. lead (chemical element)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鉛
えん
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 鉛 (MC ywen).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ẽ̞ɴ]

Affix

鉛(えん) • (en) 

  1. lead (chemical element)
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2180 (paper), page 1142 (digital)

Korean

Hanja

鉛 • (yeon) (hangeul 연)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鉛: Hán Việt readings: duyên (余(dư)專(chuyên)切(thiết))[1]
鉛: Nôm readings: ven[2], diên[3], duyên[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of duyên (“lead”)

References

  1. ^ Trần (2004).
  2. ^ Hồ (1976).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Génibrel (1898).
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