闞

See also: 阚

闞	U+95DE, 闞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95DE

← 闝
[U+95DD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

闟 →
[U+95DF]

Translingual

Han character

闞 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一十大 (ANMJK), four-corner 7714₈, composition ⿵門敢)

Derived characters

𠑨, 㘚, 𣌙, 矙, 𦘑, 𧯘

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1341, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41484
Dae Jaweon: page 1846, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4316, character 6
Unihan data for U+95DE

Chinese

trad.		闞
simp.		阚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
撖	kʰɯːm, kʰreːmʔ, *ɡraːmʔ
澉	l̥ʰaːms, klaːmʔ
噉	*l'aːmʔ
敢	*klaːmʔ
橄	*klaːmʔ
瞰	*kʰlaːms
闞	kʰlaːms, qʰreːmʔ, *hŋraːms
憨	qʰaːm, qʰlaːms
譀	qʰlaːms, qʰraːms, *qʰraːb
巖	*ŋraːm
礹	ŋraːm, ŋamʔ
豃	*qʰraːmʔ
讝	*kjam
玁	*hŋramʔ
嚴	*ŋam
儼	*ŋamʔ
曮	*ŋamʔ
釅	*ŋams

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kàn (kan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ham³ / ham⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kàn
  - Wade–Giles: kʻan⁴
  - Yale: kàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kann
  - Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ham³ / ham⁶
  - Yale: ham / hahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ham³ / ham⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: hem³ / hem⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm³³/, /hɐm²²/

Middle Chinese: khamH

Rime
Character	闞
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦濫切
Baxter	khamH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰam^H/
Li Rong	/kʰɑm^H/
Wang Li	/kʰɑm^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰɑm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰlaːms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闞
Reading #	1/3
No.	3678
Phonetic component	敢
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰlaːms/

Definitions

闞

(literary) alternative form of 瞰 (kàn, “to glance; to peep; to visit”)
(literary) to approach; to be near to
a surname

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hǎn (han³)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haam²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hǎn
  - Wade–Giles: han³
  - Yale: hǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haan
  - Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: haam²
  - Yale: háam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haam²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ham²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːm³⁵/

Middle Chinese: xeamX

Rime
Character	闞
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	火斬切
Baxter	xeamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠɛm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚæm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xɐm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/həɨm^X/
Li Rong	/xɐm^X/
Wang Li	/xɐm^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xăm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haam²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʰreːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闞
Reading #	2/3
No.	3683
Phonetic component	敢
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*qʰreːmʔ/

Definitions

闞

(literary) angry roaring or growling (of tiger)
alt. forms: 㘚 / 㘎 (hǎn)
(literary) loud

Compounds

哮闞 / 哮阚
虓闞 / 虓阚
闞闞 / 阚阚

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haam³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: haam³
  - Yale: haam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haam³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ham³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːm³³/

Middle Chinese: xaemH

Rime
Character	闞
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	銜 (149)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	許鑑切
Baxter	xaemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠam^H/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚam^H/
Shao Rongfen	/xam^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/haɨm^H/
Li Rong	/xam^H/
Wang Li	/xam^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xam^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haam³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*hŋraːms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闞
Reading #	3/3
No.	3688
Phonetic component	敢
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	㒈
Old Chinese	/*hŋraːms/

Definitions

闞

(historical dictionaries only) sound of dogs (Guangyun); sound of angry beasts (Jiyun)

References

“闞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

闞

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: けん (ken)
Kan-on: かん (kan)
Kun: のぞむ (nozomu, 闞む)

Korean

Hanja

闞 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.