雀斑

Chinese

	bird; lentigo; sparrow	variegated
simp. and trad. (雀斑)	雀	斑
alternative forms	雀癍雀瘢
Literally: “sparrow patches”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): quèbān, qiāobān

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄅㄢ, ㄑㄧㄠㄅㄢ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quo² ban¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoek³ baan¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qioh⁶ ban¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiok-pan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: quèbān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄅㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyuèban
  - Wade–Giles: chʻüeh⁴-pan¹
  - Yale: chywè-bān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuehban
  - Palladius: цюэбань (cjuebanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ pän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāobān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠㄅㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciaoban
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao¹-pan¹
  - Yale: chyāu-bān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiauban
  - Palladius: цяобань (cjaobanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: quo² ban¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiuoban
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyo²¹ pan⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoek³ baan¹
  - Yale: jeuk bāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek⁸ baan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêg³ ban¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːk̚³ paːn⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qioh⁶ ban¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ⁵ pan⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiok-pan
  - Tâi-lô: tshiok-pan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiokpafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ pan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ pan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ pan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ pan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ pan⁴⁴/

Noun

雀斑

(dermatology) freckle (Classifier: 塊／块 m)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 雀斑 (“freckle”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		雀斑
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	雀子
	Taiwan	雀斑
	Langfang	黑雀子
	Chengde	雀斑
	Chifeng	雀斑
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	雀兒斑
	Heihe	雀斑
	Qiqihar	雀斑
	Harbin	雀斑
	Jiamusi	雀兒斑
	Baicheng	雀斑
	Changchun	雀兒斑
	Tonghua	雀兒斑
	Shenyang	雀兒斑
	Jinzhou	雀兒斑, 黑雀子
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	雀子, 黑雀子
	Tangshan	雀子
	Cangzhou	黑哥印子, 黑個星子
	Baoding	雀子
	Shijiazhuang	雀兒斑, 蠅子屎, 黑
	Lijin	黑痣痣子
	Jinan	雀斑, 黑星星子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	雀兒斑
	Dandong	雀兒斑
	Yantai	雀兒斑, 黑粽子
	Yantai (Muping)	黑粽子
	Qingdao	雀兒斑, 黑粽子
	Zhucheng	雀子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	雀斑, 蠅子屎
	Lingbao	雀斑
	Jining	雀子, 斑
	Daming	黑雀子
	Shangqiu	雀子
	Yuanyang	雀子, 砸面星
	Zhengzhou	雀子
	Xinyang	雀子
	Baihe	雀兒斑
	Xi'an	雀斑
	Baoji	雀斑
	Xining	油黶
	Xuzhou	雀子, 蠅子屎 humorous
	Fuyang	麻雀蛋皮子, 老鴰蛋皮子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	雀斑
	Lanzhou	雀斑
	Dunhuang	雀兒屎
	Hami	蒼屎點兒
	Ürümqi	雀斑, 蒼蠅屎
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	雀斑, 雀兒屎, 蒼蠅兒屎
	Nanchong	雀斑
	Dazhou	雀兒斑, 蒼蠅屎
	Hanyuan	雀斑
	Xichang	雀斑
	Zigong	雀斑, 土痣子
	Chongqing	雀斑
	Wuhan	雀斑
	Yichang	雀兒斑
	Xiangyang	斑
	Tianmen	雀斑
	Guiyang	雀斑
	Zunyi	雀斑
	Bijie	雀斑
	Liping	雀斑
	Zhaotong	雀斑
	Dali	雀斑
	Kunming	雀斑
	Mengzi	雀斑
	Guilin	雀斑, 蒼蠅屎
	Guilin (Lingui)	雀斑
	Liuzhou	雀斑, 蒼蠅屎
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	雀斑
	Jishou	狗蚤屎
	Changde	雀兒斑
	Hanzhong	雀斑, 麻雀屎
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	雀斑, 雀兒
	Yangzhou	雀兒斑, 雀屎斑
	Lianyungang	雀斑
	Lianshui	雀斑, 雀溜斑斑
	Nantong	雀兒斑
	Anqing	雀斑
	Wuhu	雀斑
	Hefei	雀斑
	Hong'an	雀斑, 騷麻子
Mandarin	Nanping (Yanping)	黑斑
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雀斑, 墨屎, 曱甴屎
	Hong Kong	雀斑, 墨屎
	Macau	雀斑, 墨屎
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	烏蠅屎
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	麻墨
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	雀斑
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	墨
	Foshan	雀斑, 墨屎
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	雀斑
	Foshan (Shunde)	黑墨屎
	Foshan (Sanshui)	麻墨
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	酒渣
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	墨屎
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	墨屎
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	墨屎, 烏雲
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	墨屎
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	墨屎
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	墨屎
	Taishan	墨屎, 雀屎斑
	Kaiping (Chikan)	墨屎
	Enping (Niujiang)	墨屎
	Heshan (Yayao)	雀斑
	Dongguan	雀斑, 墨屎
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	麻墨水
	Qingyuan	雀斑
	Fogang	烏蠅屎
	Yingde (Hanguang)	烏雲
	Yangshan	烏蠅屎
	Lianshan (Butian)	蠅屎
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	星屎
	Shaoguan	烏蠅屎
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	烏蠅屎
	Renhua	烏蠅屎
	Lechang	雀斑
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	麻甩屎
	Sihui	烏蠅屎
	Guangning	烏蠅屎
	Huaiji	蠅屎
	Yunfu	烏蠅屎
	Xinxing	雀斑
	Luoding	烏落
	Yunan (Pingtai)	胡蠅屎
	Maoming (Xinpo)	蚊蠅屎
	Lianjiang	雀斑
	Nanning	蚊蠅屎, 蒼蠅屎, 墨子
	Wuzhou	雀斑, 墨屎
	Yulin	蚊蠅屎
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	墨子, 麻子屎
	Hepu (Shatian)	麻斑
	Guiping	烏蠅屎
	Mengshan (Xihe)	蚊蠅屎
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	蚊蠅屎
	Baise	蚊蠅屎
	Bobai	蚊蠅屎
	Lingshan	雀斑
	Pubei	雀斑
	Qinzhou	花黑點
	Beihai	麻子屎
	Beihai (Nankang)	麻子屎
	Beihai (Yingpan)	蚊蠅屎
	Ningming	蚊蠅屎
	Hengzhou	蚊蠅屎
	Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	沙粒
Gan	Nanchang	雀斑
	Lichuan	筍殼斑
	Pingxiang	筍殼斑, 雀斑
Hakka	Meixian	烏蠅屎, 雀斑
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	烏蠅屎
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	烏蠅屎
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	烏蠅屎
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	烏蠅屎
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	烏蠅屎
	Wengyuan	烏蠅屎
	Liannan	烏蠅屎
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	烏蠅屎
	Jiexi	烏蠅屎
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	烏蠅屎
	Changting	烏蠅屎
	Wuping (Yanqian)	烏蠅屎
	Ninghua	烏蠅屎
	Yudu	烏蠅屎, 雀斑, 烏蠅痣, 烏斑
	Ningdu	烏蠅屎
	Tonggu (Sandu)	烏蠅屎
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	烏斑
	Dayu	烏蠅屎
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	烏蠅屎, 烏斑
	Hong Kong	烏蠅屎
	Mengshan (Xihe)	烏蠅屎
	Luchuan	烏蠅屎
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	雀斑
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	蚊蠅屎
	Mashan (Pianlian)	烏蠅屎
Huizhou	Jixi	癤梨斑
Huizhou	Shexian	癤梨斑
Jin	Taiyuan	蠶痧, 沾痧
	Pingyao	髒痧
	Yangyuan	雀斑, 黑蠶痧
	Datong	黑蠶痧
	Xinzhou	蠶痧, 蠅子屎
	Lüliang (Lishi)	疤子
	Changzhi	幹
	Linhe	蠶色
	Jining	蠶色
	Hohhot	雀斑
	Erenhot	蠶色
	Pingshan	雀子
	Zhangjiakou	蠶痧, 黑蠶痧
	Handan	黑蠶痧, 黑雀子
	Linzhou	黑雀了
	Suide	蠶色
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	蒲蠅屎
Southern Min	Xiamen	胡蠅屎, 胡蠅屎痣, 鷓鴣花
	Quanzhou	胡蠅屎
	Jinjiang	胡蠅屎
	Zhangzhou	胡蠅屎, 胡蠅屎痣, 鷓鴣花, 碎米斑
	Zhao'an	烏臭點
	Dongshan	茶枯霎
	Taipei (Wanhua)	烏斑
	Kaohsiung	烏屎斑
	Yilan	烏斑
	Changhua (Lukang)	烏斑
	Taichung	烏斑
	Taichung (Wuqi)	烏斑
	Tainan	烏斑
	Taitung	烏斑
	Hsinchu	花肚仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	烏斑, 胡蠅屎
	Manila (Hokkien)	胡蠅屎
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	雀斑
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	胡蠅屎痣
	Jieyang	胡蠅屎
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	麻雀斑
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	麻雀屎, 蚊蠅屎
	Nanning (Shajing)	雀兒屎
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	蚊蠅屎
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蜢子屎
	Guilin (Chaoyang)	斑
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	雀斑
Wu	Shanghai	雀子斑, 雀斑
	Shanghai (Chongming)	雀子斑
	Suzhou	雀子斑, 腳子斑
	Wuxi	雀子斑
	Danyang	雀子斑
	Hangzhou	雀子斑
	Ningbo	雀子斑
Xiang	Changsha	雀斑
	Loudi	筍殼斑
	Quanzhou	雀斑
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	雀斑

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (雀斑):

→ Japanese: 雀(じゃく)斑(はん) (jakuhan)
→ Korean: 작반(雀斑) (jakban)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
雀	斑
そばかす
Jinmeiyō	Grade: S
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
蕎麦滓

Etymology

Compound of 蕎麦 (soba, “buckwheat”) +‎ 滓 (kasu, “dregs, leftovers”, more specifically, the hulls),^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] from the superficial resemblance of freckles to scattered buckwheat hulls, in color and shape.^[2]

First attested from 1655.^[1]

The kanji are an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 雀斑.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そばかす [sòbákáꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[3]^[4]
IPA^(key): [so̞ba̠ka̠sɨ]

Noun

雀斑(そばかす) • (sobakasu)

[from 1655] (dermatology) freckles
Synonym: 雀卵斑 (jakuranhan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “蕎麦滓”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 “蕎麦滓”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJc-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “蕎麦滓”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[DDJS-2] 2.0 ^2.1 “蕎麦滓”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]