食堂

Chinese

eat; food; to feed
eat; food; to feed; animal feed
 
 (main) hall; large room
trad. (食堂) 食 堂
simp. #(食堂) 食 堂
anagram 堂食

Pronunciation

Note: ziah8 deng5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
    • (Northern: Shanghai)
      • Wugniu: 8zeq-daon6
      • MiniDict: zeh入 daon去
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 5zeq-daan3
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ dɑ̃²³/
    • (Northern: Jiaxing)
      • Wugniu: 8zeq-daon2
      • MiniDict: zeh入 daon平
      • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /zəʔ²² dɑ̃¹³/

Noun

食堂

  1. cafeteria; canteen; dining hall; dining room
    昨天學生在食堂裡打起架來了。 [MSC, trad.]
    昨天学生在食堂里打起架来了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zuótiān xuéshēng zài shítáng lǐ dǎ qǐ jià lái le. [Pinyin]
    The students got into a fight in the canteen yesterday.
  2. restaurant

Synonyms

  • (cafeteria):
  • (restaurant):

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (食堂):
  • → Japanese: 食(しょく)堂(どう) (shokudō)
  • → Korean: 식당(食堂) (sikdang, “restaurant”)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
食 堂
しょく
Grade: 2 		どう
Grade: 5
kan'on goon

/d͡ʑikidoː/ → /ɕokudoː/

Shift from older reading jikidō (“refectory in a Buddhist temple”). In the Meiji period, the pronunciation shifted to using the kan'on reading of shoku for 食 as the sense expanded to indicate dining facilities in a dormitory, and from there, to any larger room for serving or selling food to multiple people.[1]

First attested in 1903.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しょくどー [shòkúdóó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɕo̞kɯ̟do̞ː]

Noun

食(しょく)堂(どう) • (shokudō) ←しよくだう (syokudau)?

  1. [from 1903] a room, hall, or building where food is served or sold: a cafeteria, canteen, buffet, dining room, dining hall, eatery, restaurant, refectory
    社員(しゃいん)食堂(しょくどう)
    shain shokudō
    staff cafeteria

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
食 堂
じき
Grade: 2 		どう
Grade: 5
goon

/d͡ʑikidau/ → /d͡ʑikidɔː/ → /d͡ʑikidoː/

From Middle Chinese 食堂 (MC zyik dang). First attested in 747.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) じきどー [jìkídóó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑikʲido̞ː]

Noun

食(じき)堂(どう) • (jikidō) ←じきだう (zikidau)?

  1. [from 747] (Buddhism) refectory in a Buddhist temple

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “食堂”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
食堂

Noun

食堂 • (sikdang) (hangeul 식당)

  1. hanja form? of 식당 (“restaurant”)
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