駃騠

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (駃騠)		駃	騠
simp. (𫘝𫘨)		𫘝	𫘨

Etymology

Pulleyblank (1962) and Vovin (2000)^[1] propose a Yeniseian origin, derived from Proto-Yeniseian *kus (“horse”). See Ket куʼсь (kuˀs) for more.

Schuessler (2007) notes similarity to Tocharian B yakwe (“horse”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): juétí

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄊㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kyut³ tai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: juétí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄊㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyuétí
  - Wade–Giles: chüeh²-tʻi²
  - Yale: jywé-tí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyuetyi
  - Palladius: цзюэти (czjueti)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ tʰi³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    駃騠 / 𫘝𫘨
    決堤 / 决堤
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kyut³ tai⁴
  - Yale: kyut tàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kyt⁸ tai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: küd³ tei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰyːt̚³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: kwet dej

Rime
Character	駃	騠
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	屑 (88)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	古穴切	杜奚切
Baxter	kwet	dej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwet̚/	/dei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷet̚/	/dei/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɛt̚/	/dɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwɛt̚/	/dɛj/
Li Rong	/kuet̚/	/dei/
Wang Li	/kiwet̚/	/diei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiwet̚/	/dʱiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jue	tí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gyut³	tai⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʷeːd deː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	駃	騠
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	4421	11629
Phonetic component	夬	是
Rime group	月	支
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	玦	嗁
Old Chinese	/*kʷeːd/	/*deː/

Noun

駃騠

(literary) hinny
(historical) a kind of steed
- 其畜之所多則馬、牛、羊，其奇畜則橐駞、驢、驘、駃騠、騊駼、驒騱。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  其畜之所多则马、牛、羊，其奇畜则橐驼、驴、骡、𫘝𫘨、𫘦𬳿、𱅛𫘬。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Qí xù zhī suǒ duō zé mǎ, niú, yáng, qí qí xù zé luòtuó, lǘ, luó, juétí, táotú, tuóxí. [Pinyin]
  Their (the Xiongnu's) livestock are mainly horses, oxen, and sheep; their peculiar livestock are camels, donkeys, mules, jueti, taotu, and tuoxi.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 驢騾 (“hinny”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		驢騾, 駃騠
Northeastern Mandarin	Harbin	驢騾
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	驢騾, 驢騾子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	驢騾子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	驢騾
	Wanrong	驢騾子
	Xi'an	驢騾
	Xining	驢騾
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	驢騾子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	驢騾子
	Lanzhou	驢騾
	Ürümqi	驢騾子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	驢騾
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	驢騾
Jin	Taiyuan	驢騾
Jin	Xinzhou	驢騾
Southern Min	Xiamen	驢駝

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (駃騠):

→ Japanese: 駃騠(けってい) (kettei)
→ Korean: 결제(駃騠) (gyeolje), 쾌제(駃騠) (kwaeje)

References

^ Vovin, Alexander (2000) “Did the Xiong-nu Speak a Yeniseian Language?”, in Central Asiatic Journal‎^[1], volume 44, number 1, Harrassowitz Verlag

Japanese

Kanji in this term
駃	騠
けつ > けっ Hyōgai	てい Hyōgai
on'yomi

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けってー [kèttéé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ke̞t̚te̞ː]

- Homophone: 決定

Noun

駃(けっ)騠(てい) or 駃騠(ケッテイ) • (kettei)

a hinny (hybrid offspring of a male horse and a female donkey)

See also

驢(ロ)馬(バ) (roba, “donkey”)
騾(ラ)馬(バ) (raba, “mule”)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN