鼓動
See also: 鼓动
Chinese
convex; drum; to rouse convex; drum; to rouse; to beat |
to move; to change; to use to move; to change; to use; to act | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鼓動) | 鼓 | 動 | |
| simp. (鼓动) | 鼓 | 动 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gu2 dung6
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gǔdòng
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǔdòng
- Wade–Giles: ku3-tung4
- Yale: gǔ-dùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guudonq
- Palladius: гудун (gudun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gu2 dung6
- Yale: gú duhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gu2 dung6
- Guangdong Romanization: gu2 dung6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuː³⁵ tʊŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tōng
- Tâi-lô: kóo-tōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: kofdong
- IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tǒng
- Tâi-lô: kóo-tǒng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔŋ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gou2 dong6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu tŏng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kou⁵²⁻³⁵ toŋ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
鼓動
Synonyms
- (to inspire):
- (to instigate):
- 主使 (zhǔshǐ)
- 使使 (Hokkien)
- 使唆 (Hokkien)
- 助長 / 助长 (zhùzhǎng)
- 勾引 (gōuyǐn)
- 反間 / 反间 (fǎnjiàn)
- 唆使 (suōshǐ)
- 唆擺 / 唆摆 (so1 baai2) (Cantonese)
- 嗾使 (sǒushǐ)
- 引誘 / 引诱 (yǐnyòu)
- 引逗 (yǐndòu)
- 慫恿 / 怂恿 (sǒngyǒng)
- 扇動 / 扇动 (shāndòng)
- 拖逗 (tuōdòu) (literary)
- 指使 (zhǐshǐ)
- 挑動 / 挑动 (tiǎodòng)
- 挑唆 (tiǎosuō)
- 挑撥 / 挑拨 (tiǎobō)
- 挑起 (tiǎoqǐ)
- 挑釁 / 挑衅 (tiǎoxìn)
- 搬弄 (bānnòng)
- 撥弄 / 拨弄 (bōnòng)
- 撮弄 (cuōnòng) (literary)
- 攏慫 / 拢怂 (Hokkien)
- 攛掇 / 撺掇 (cuānduo) (colloquial)
- 教唆 (jiàosuō)
- 煽動 / 煽动 (shāndòng)
- 煽惑 (shānhuò)
- 簸弄 (bǒnòng)
- 縱臾 / 纵臾 (zǒngyǒng) (obsolete)
- 縱踴 / 纵踊 (obsolete)
- 誘使 / 诱使 (yòushǐ)
- 離間 / 离间 (líjiàn)
- 鼓惑 (gǔhuò)
- 鼓搗 / 鼓捣 (gǔdao) (dialectal)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鼓 | 動 |
| こ Grade: S |
どう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
鼓動 • (kodō)
Verb
鼓動する • (kodō suru) suru (stem 鼓動し (kodō shi), past 鼓動した (kodō shita))
- beat, pound
- 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here)
- 心臓はたしかに平時よりも烈しく鼓動しておった。
- Shinzō wa tashika ni heiji yori mo hageshiku kodō shite otta.
- My heart was beating much harder than normal.
- 心臓はたしかに平時よりも烈しく鼓動しておった。
- 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "鼓動する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 鼓動し | こどうし | kodō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 鼓動し | こどうし | kodō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 鼓動する | こどうする | kodō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 鼓動する | こどうする | kodō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 鼓動すれ | こどうすれ | kodō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 鼓動せよ¹ 鼓動しろ² |
こどうせよ¹ こどうしろ² |
kodō seyo¹ kodō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 鼓動される | こどうされる | kodō sareru | |
| Causative | 鼓動させる 鼓動さす |
こどうさせる こどうさす |
kodō saseru kodō sasu | |
| Potential | 鼓動できる | こどうできる | kodō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 鼓動しよう | こどうしよう | kodō shiyō | |
| Negative | 鼓動しない | こどうしない | kodō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 鼓動せず | こどうせず | kodō sezu | |
| Formal | 鼓動します | こどうします | kodō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 鼓動した | こどうした | kodō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 鼓動して | こどうして | kodō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 鼓動すれば | こどうすれば | kodō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鼓 | 動 |
Noun
鼓動 • (godong) (hangeul 고동)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鼓 | 動 |
Verb
鼓動