𐽰𐽱
Old Uyghur
FWOTD – 7 June 2025
| Orkhon script | 𐰋 (b² /äv/) |
|---|---|
| Syriac script | ܐܝܒ (ʾyb /ev, ew, äyew/) ܐܒ (ʾb /äv/) |
| Brahmi script | 𑀏𑀬𑁅 (eyau /ew, eyu/) |
| Tibetan script | ཨྱེབ (ʔyeb /eb/) |
| Han script | 傲烏 (ngawH.ʔu /äv-ü, äw-ü/) 傲 (ngawH /äv/) |
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eb (“house”). Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰋 (b² /äb/) and Karakhanid اَڤْ (äv), اُڤْ (öv). Sense 5 is a semantic loan from Middle Chinese 宿 (sjuwH).
Noun
𐽰𐽱 (ʾβ /äv/)
- house, dwelling-place
- Synonyms: 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽲 (pʾrq /barḳ/), 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽰𐽲 (qʾnʾq /ġanaḥ/)
- c. 1382, Huǒ Yuán-jié (火原潔) & Mǎ Shā-yì-hēi (馬沙亦黑), Gāochāng guǎn-zá-zì (高昌馆杂字) Beijing manuscript, line 398:
- 阿失力傲廚房
- ʔa.syit.lik.ngawH […]
- /Ašlïġ äv./
- Kitchen. (Literally, “Food-house.”)
- 阿失力傲廚房
- c. 14th century, Saint Matthew's Sermon T.01-03 (r01-03):[1]
- ܐܝܠܝܓܝܢ܂ܐܠܝܦ܂ܐܝܒܝܢܓܟܐ܂ܦܝܪܠܐ܂
ܐܝܠܬܓܝܠ܂ܓܥܨܐܢ܂ܟܝܡ܂ܐܘܠ܂ܨܝܥܐܝ܂
ܢܝ܂ܐܝܒܝܢܓܐ܂ܐܝܠܬܝܦ܂ܦܝܪ܂ܐܝܐܓ܂- ʾylygyn.ʾlyp.ʾybyngkʾ.pyrlʾ.
ʾyltgyl.xʾcʾn.kym.ʾwl.cyʿʾy.
ny.ʾybyngʾ.ʾyltyp.pyr.ʾyʾx. - /Eligin alïp eviŋkä birlä
eltgil. Ḥačan kim ol čïgay-
nï eviŋä eltip, bir ayaḥ […] / - Take a [pauper] to your house, holding their hand. Whoever brings a pauper into their house, a bowl [of food] […]
- ʾylygyn.ʾlyp.ʾybyngkʾ.pyrlʾ.
- ܐܝܠܝܓܝܢ܂ܐܠܝܦ܂ܐܝܒܝܢܓܟܐ܂ܦܝܪܠܐ܂
- tent, family unit
- Synonyms: 𐽲𐽰 (qʾ /ḳa/), 𐽰𐽳𐽽𐽰𐽲 (ʾwcʾq /očaḳ/), 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽲 (twtwq /tutuġ/), 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐽳𐽿 (ʾwqwš /uġuš/)
- c. 9th century, Silig (𐽻𐾁𐽶𐽷) & Ḳar Čor (𐽲𐽰𐽰𐽾 𐽽𐽳𐽾), A letter of reassurence Pelliot Ouïgour.15, lines 13-14 (recto):[2]
- 𐽲𐽴𐾃𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽹𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽵 𐽻𐽰𐽱 𐽰𐽶𐽿𐽶𐽸𐽶𐽼 𐽰𐽰𐽶𐽶 𐽼𐽳𐽻𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽴 𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽺
𐽷𐽰𐽽 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽲 𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽵 𐽰𐽳𐽴𐾃𐽲𐽶𐽰 𐽼𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽰𐽼 𐾀𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷- qẓyntʾ mwntʾx sʾβ ʾyšydyp ʾʾyy pwsʾntmʾz ʾltwn
kʾc qʾtyq lʾnnk ʾʾβ pʾrx ʾwẓqyʾ pʾšlʾp twrwnk - / […] [küräg] aġzïnta muntaġ sav ešidip, ayï busantïmaz. Altun [Yäŋ]äč, ḳatïġlanïŋ. Äv barḳ uz-ḳya bašlap turuŋ./
- […] After hearing such news from the [fugitive], we were terribly distressed. Altun Yäŋäč, be strong. Continue to steer the family ship skillfully.
- qẓyntʾ mwntʾx sʾβ ʾyšydyp ʾʾyy pwsʾntmʾz ʾltwn
- 𐽲𐽴𐾃𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽹𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽵 𐽻𐽰𐽱 𐽰𐽶𐽿𐽶𐽸𐽶𐽼 𐽰𐽰𐽶𐽶 𐽼𐽳𐽻𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽴 𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽺
- (figurative) goods, property
- Synonym: 𐽰𐽸 (ʾd /äd/)
- (poetic) material world
- (astronomy) constellation, mansion
- Synonym: 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ywltwz /yultuz/)
- c. 1328, Ïnal Tämür Taišeŋdu (大乘奴), Yetikän Sudur page 31, line 18 (verso, line 6):[3]
- 𐽳 𐾀𐽰𐽲𐽶𐾁 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽷𐽳 𐽼𐽰𐽿 𐽰𐽱 𐾀𐽰 𐾈 𐽷𐽿𐽰𐽹𐽼𐽶 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺
- w tʾqyl ʾykykw pʾš ʾβ tʾ kšʾmpy kwyn
- / […] -u taġïl ikigü baš ävta, [Yä]kšämbi kün […] /
- […] Both inner [and outer] [stars] [coalesce] into the first astronomical mansion, on Sunday […]
- 𐽳 𐾀𐽰𐽲𐽶𐾁 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽷𐽳 𐽼𐽰𐽿 𐽰𐽱 𐾀𐽰 𐾈 𐽷𐽿𐽰𐽹𐽼𐽶 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽰𐽱 (ʾβ) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾβlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽰𐽱𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾβnynk) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾβlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽰𐽱𐽷𐽰 (ʾβkʾ) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾβlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽷 (ʾβyk), 𐽰𐽱𐽺𐽶 (ʾβny) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (ʾβlʾryk), 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾβlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽰𐽱𐽸𐽰 (ʾβdʾ) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (ʾβlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽰𐽱𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾβdyn) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾβlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽺 (ʾβyn) | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾβlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽰𐽱𐽽𐽰 (ʾβcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽰𐽱𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾβkʾrw), 𐽰𐽱𐽾𐽰 (ʾβrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾβlʾyw) |
Derived terms
compound terms
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽺𐽰𐽲 (ʾβ ʾwrnʾq /äv ornaġ/, “residence, residing place”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽲𐽳𐾀𐽶 (ʾβ qwty /äv ḳutï/, “house spirit”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽶𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽴𐽶 (ʾβ ywtwzy /äv yutuzï/, “married woman”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽷𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾβ kʾlynlʾr /äv kälinlär/, “wives of a household”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 (ʾβ pʾrk /äv barḳ/, “house and yard; personal possessions; family, household”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽰𐽻𐽶 (ʾβ pʾrk ʾyyʾsy /äv barḳ iyäsi/, “householder”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽲𐽳𐽸𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾβ pʾrk qwdmʾq /äv barḳ ḳod-/, “to leave material desires, to become a monk”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽼𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾβ pʾrk pʾšlʾmʾq /äv barḳ bašla-/, “to manage a household”)
- 𐽰𐽱 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾβ twtmʾq /äv tut-/, “to take care of a family”)
- 𐽰𐽱𐽸𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾβdyn ʾwynmʾk /ävdin ün-/, “to leave material desires, to become a monk”)
Descendants
References
- ^ This fragment is lost.
- ^ https://idp.bl.uk/uv/?manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.idp.bl.uk%2Fiiif%2F3%2Fmanifest%2F11EF5B9DD7F8A24095A2A6FB34D8DAB9#?c=&m=&cv=&xywh=0%2C-100%2C1128%2C1223
- ^ This fragment is not digitized yet.
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “äv”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 78
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “e:v”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 3
- Hamilton, James Russell (1986) Manuscrits Ouïgours du IXᵉ-Xᵉ Siècle de Touen-Houang (Fondation Singer-Polignac) (in French), →ISBN, pages 110, 111
- Rahmati, Arat Reşat (1937) Türkische Turfan Texte VII: Mit Sinologischen Anmerkungen (in German), page 42
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*eb”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1)äv”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 129
- Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012) Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü[1] (in Turkish), Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, pages 84-85
- Zieme, Peter (2015) Altuigurische Texte der Kirche des Ostens aus Zentralasien (Gorgias Eastern Christian Studies; 41) (in German), →ISBN, pages 153-161