𐽰𐽸
Old Uyghur
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *et (“meat”).
Noun
𐽰𐽸 (ʾd /et/)
- (anatomy) meat, flesh (both of human and of game)
- 𐽰𐽶𐾀 𐽰𐽸𐾂𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽰𐾀𐽲𐽳𐽽𐽶 ― ʾyt ʾḋyn sʾtqwcy /ït etin satġučï/ ― dog-meat vendor
- (anatomy) skin, skin color, appearance
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽿 (qyrtyš /ḳïrtïš/)
- (chiefly religion, rare) body
- Synonym: 𐽶𐽶𐽺 (yyn /yïn, yin/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽰𐽸 (ʾd) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾdlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽰𐽸𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾdnynk) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾdlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽰 (ʾdkʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾdlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽷 (ʾdyk), 𐽰𐽸𐽺𐽶 (ʾdny) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (ʾdlʾryk), 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾdlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽰𐽸𐽸𐽰 (ʾddʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (ʾdlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽰𐽸𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾddyn) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdyn) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾdlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽰𐽸𐽽𐽰 (ʾdcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾdkʾrw), 𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽰 (ʾdrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾdlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽶𐽲 (ʾt ʾʾšlyq /et ašlïġ/, “carnivorous, a type of demon”)
- 𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽷 (ʾt ʾrwk /et erük/, “plump, meaty (of any fruit)”)
- 𐽰𐾀 𐽲𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽿 (ʾt qyrtyš /et ḳïrtïš/, “skin color”)
- 𐽰𐾀 𐽶𐽳𐽹𐽲𐽰𐽲 (ʾt ywmqʾq /et yumġaḳ/, “name of one of many fetal periods, name of an embryonic stage”, literally “clump of flesh”)
- 𐽰𐾀 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (ʾt kwyz /et köz/, “material eye, materialistic, short-sighted worldview ”) (cf. मांसचक्षुस् (māṃsacakṣus))
- 𐽰𐾀 𐾀𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽳 (ʾt tʾncw /et tanču/, “name of one of many fetal periods, morula”, literally “bits and parts of flesh”)
- 𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴 (ʾtʾwyz /etöz/, “body, corporeality”)
- 𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽶𐽹𐽰𐽴 (ʾtyymʾz /etyémez/, “vegetarian, a follower of the Manichaean belief”)
Derived terms
- 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽷 (ʾʾtʾk /etek/, “ear lobe”)
- 𐽰𐾀𐽽𐽶 (ʾtcy /etči/, “butcher”)
- 𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾtlyk /etlig/, “slaughterhouse, abattoir”)
Descendants
- Western Yugur: eht (iʰt, “meat, supper”)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ed (“goods, riches, stuff”).
Noun
𐽰𐽸 (ʾd /ed/)
- goods, wares, riches, valuables
- material, substance
- Synonyms: 𐾁𐽶𐽱 (lyβ /lév/), 𐾀𐽰𐽱𐽰𐽾 (tʾβʾr /tavar/)
- object, device
- (religion, Buddhism) dravya, vastu
- Synonyms: 𐽽𐽶𐽺 (cyn /čïn/), 𐽸𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽱𐽶 (dyrʾβy /diravé/), 𐽸𐽾𐽰𐽱𐽶 (drʾβy /dravi/), 𐽷𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳 (kyrtw /kértü/), 𐽱𐽰𐽻𐽸𐽳 (βʾsdw /vasdu/)
- product, manufactured goods
- Synonyms: 𐽹𐽰𐽿𐽸𐽰𐽷 (mʾšdʾk /mašdak/), 𐾀𐽰𐽱𐽰𐽾 (tʾβʾr /tavar/), 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽿 (twyš /tüš/)
- mark, sign (on property)
- Synonyms: 𐽼𐾁𐽷𐽳 (plkw /belgü/), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽳 (ʾyrw /irü/), 𐽻𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽲 (sʾlyq /salïḳ/)
- (botany) seed, kernel
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽺 (ʾβyn /evin/), 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽲 (ʾwrwq /uruġ/)
- (anatomy) sperm, male reproductive fluid
- Synonyms: 𐽿𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽰 (šwqrʾ /šuḳra/), 𐽶𐽰𐾁𐽲𐽳𐽲 (yʾlqwq /yalḳoḳ/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /yürüŋ/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽰𐽸 (ʾd) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾdlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽰𐽸𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾdnynk) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾdlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽰 (ʾdkʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾdlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽷 (ʾdyk), 𐽰𐽸𐽺𐽶 (ʾdny) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (ʾdlʾryk), 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾdlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽰𐽸𐽸𐽰 (ʾddʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (ʾdlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽰𐽸𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾddyn) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdyn) | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾdlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽰𐽸𐽽𐽰 (ʾdcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾdkʾrw), 𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽰 (ʾdrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾdlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽰𐽸 𐾀𐽰𐽱𐽰𐽾 (ʾd tʾβʾr /ed tavar/, “goods, Earthly possessions”)
Derived terms
- 𐽰𐽸𐽰𐽸𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾdʾdmʾk /ededmek/, “to improve, to be efficient”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾdykmʾk /edikmek/, “to respect, to be revered”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 (ʾdkw /edgü/, “good, suitable”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽻𐽶𐽴 (ʾdsyz /edsiz/, “poor, useless, irreligious”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾdlʾmʾk /edlemek/, “to recruit, to give duties to”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾdlyk /edlig/, “rich, landowner”)
- 𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾnkʾnkmʾk /eŋeŋmek/, “to claim ownership, to take care of”) (?)
References
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “äd”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 68
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ät”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 77
- Hamilton, James (2020) “'ät T”, in Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 171
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) äd”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 95
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “ät”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 126