𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳
Old Uyghur
Etymology
By surface analysis, 𐽰𐽸 (ʾd /ed/, “goods, riches”) + -𐽷𐽳 (-kw /-kü/, “derivative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *edgü. Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰓𐰏𐰇 (d²gü /edgü/), Karakhanid اَذْكُو (eδgǖ).
Adjective
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 (ʾdkw /edgü/)
- good, excellent, auspicious
- healthy, beautiful
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽻𐽰𐽺 (ʾsʾn /esen/), 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽽 (ʾync /énč/), 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽶𐽴 (ʾyksyz /igsiz/), 𐽷𐽰𐽹𐽻𐽶𐽴 (kʾmsyz /kemsiz/), 𐽻𐽳 (sw /su/)
- delicious, hearty
- Synonyms: 𐽻𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽲 (sqʾncyq /suḳančïġ/), 𐾀𐽰𐾀𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽲 (tʾtqlyq /tatïġlïġ/)
- genuine, quality
- lucky, favored
- Synonyms: 𐽲𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽳𐽲 (qwtlwq /ḳutluġ/), 𐾁𐽶𐽱𐾁𐽶𐽷 (lyβlyk /lévlig/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽷𐾁𐽳𐽷 (ʾwylwklwk /ülüglüg/)
- friendly
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽽𐽰𐽷 (ʾʾlcʾk /alčaḳ/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽰𐽷 (ʾwykʾk /ögek/), 𐽻𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽶𐽷 (sʾβyklyk /seviglig/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽲 (yʾqlyq /yaġlïġ/), 𐽶𐽳𐽹𐽿𐽰𐽲 (ywmšʾq /yumšaḳ/)
- correct
- Synonym: 𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰𐽹𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾrdʾmlyk /erdemlig/)
Noun
𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 (ʾdkw /edgü/)
- mitzvah, good deed, virtue
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰𐽹 (ʾrdʾm /erdem/), 𐼱𐼴𐼷𐼶𐽂𐼸 (βwγtk /bögtek/), 𐽼𐽳𐽶𐽺 (pwyn /buyan/), 𐽲𐽳𐾀 (qwt /ḳut/), 𐽿𐽰𐾀 (šʾt /šat/)
- quality, well made product
- (religion, Buddhism) mark of auspiciousness, Lakshana
- Synonyms: 𐽼𐾁𐽷𐽳 (plkw /belgü/), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽳 (ʾyrw /irü/), 𐾁𐽰𐽲𐽿𐽰𐽺 (lʾqšʾn /laḳšan/)
- (figurative) handsome person
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽶𐽱𐽾𐽰𐽲 (qyβrʾq /ḳïvraḳ/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 (ʾdkw) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾdkwlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ʾdkwnwnk) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾdkwlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷𐽰 (ʾdkwkʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾdkwlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷 (ʾdkwk), 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽶 (ʾdkwny) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (ʾdkwlʾryk), 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾdkwlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽸𐽰 (ʾdkwdʾ) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (ʾdkwlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdkwdyn) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾdkwlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽺 (ʾdkwn) | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾdkwlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽽𐽰 (ʾdkwcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾdkwkʾrw), 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽾𐽰 (ʾdkwrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾdkwlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽳𐽲 (ʾdkw ʾʾdrwq /edgü adroḳ/, “perfection”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 (ʾdkw ʾʾmrʾq /edgü amraḳ/, “lover; a boyfriend or a girlfriend”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽺 (ʾdkw ʾʾltwn /edgü altun/, “pure gold”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽱𐽾𐽶𐽿 (ʾdkw ʾβryš /edgü evriš/, “good deed, mitzvah”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽶 (ʾdkw ʾwykly /edgü ögli/, “altruistic, benevolent, philanthrope”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺 (ʾdkw ʾwyn /edgü ün/, “euphony”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽶 (ʾdkw ʾwyšy /edgü öši/, “a friend who gives religious counsel”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽳 (ʾdkw ʾyrw /edgü irü/, “good omen”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽶𐽿 (ʾdkw ʾyš /edgü iš/, “good deed, mitzvah”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽰𐽹 (ʾdkw ʾdrʾm /edgü edrem/, “virtue”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽻𐽰𐽺 (ʾdkw ʾsʾn /edgün esen/, “healthy, safe and sound”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽰𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽴 (ʾdkw ʾrmʾz /edgü ermez/, “terrible, bad, vile”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽲𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽺𐽽 (ʾdkw qylync /edgü ḳïlïnč/, “good deed, mitzvah”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽳𐽾 (edgü bor, “undiluted wine”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐽳𐽴 (ʾdkw yʾβwz /edgü yavuz/, “good and bad, optimism and pessimism”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ʾdkw ywl /edgü yol/, “appropriate existence”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽶𐽶𐽸 (ʾdkw yyd /edgü yïd/, “fragrance, redolence”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐾁 (ʾdkw kwynkwl /edgü köŋül/, “altruism, benevolence, philanthropy”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽳𐽷 (ʾdkw kwynkwllwk /edgü köŋüllüg/, “altruistic, benevolent, philanthrope”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽻𐽰𐽱 (ʾdkw sʾβ /edgü sav/, “aphorism, proverb”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳 𐽻𐽼 𐽻𐽳𐽶𐽴 (ʾdkw sp swyz /edgü sab söz/, “good news, gospel, evangel (Calque of Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion))”)
Derived terms
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽷𐽾𐽹𐽷 (ʾdkwkrmk /edgügermek/, “to turn towards the path of good”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽽𐽶 (ʾdkwcy /edgüči/, “philantrope”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾdkwrmʾk /edgürmek/, “to heal”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾀𐽶 (ʾdkwty /edgüti/, “appropriate, correct”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁 (ʾdkwl /edgül/, “Right!, Correct!”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾdkwlʾmʾk /edgülemek/, “to find a decision justified”)
- 𐽰𐽸𐽷𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽷 (ʾdkwlwk /edgülük/, “well, good, healthy”)
References
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ädgü”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 78
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “edgü”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 51
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) ädgü ~ (ä)dgü”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 96-99