𐽰𐽳𐽺

Old Uyghur

Orthographic variants
Uyghur script 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐾂 (ʾwṅ /⁠on⁠/)
Orkhon script 𐰆𐰣 (un¹ /⁠on⁠/)[1]
Manichaean script 𐫀𐫇𐫗 (ʾwn /⁠on⁠/)
𐫀𐫇𐫇𐫗 (ʾwwn /⁠on⁠/)
Sogdian script 𐼰𐼴𐼻 (ʾwn /⁠on⁠/)
Brahmi script 𑀑𑀦𑁆 (on /⁠on⁠/)[2]
Han script (ʔwaen /⁠on⁠/)
我難 (ngaX.nan)[3]
ʼPhags-pa script ꡜꡡꡋ (hon /⁠(h)on⁠/)
Old Uyghur numbers (edit)
100
 ←  1  ←  9 10 20  →  100  → 
1
    Cardinal: 𐽰𐽳𐽺 (ʾwn)
    Ordinal: 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽽 (ʾwnwnc)
    Adverbial: 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽰 (ʾwn qʾtʾ)
    Distributive: 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽰𐽾 (ʾwnʾr)
    Collective: 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽰𐽲𐽳 (ʾwnʾqw)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ōn (ten). Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (un¹ /⁠on⁠/) and Karakhanid اُونْ (on).

Numeral

𐽰𐽳𐽺 (ʾwn /on/)

  1. ten, 10
    • c. 9th century, Meŋi Silig (𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽶 𐽻𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷) & Küč Tüzün (𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺) & Ḳutluġ Tüzün (𐽲𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺), A letter to two men named Tüz Yégen Saŋun and Sanmïš Tüzün Pelliot Ouïgour 3.18-20 (v06-08):[4]
      𐽹𐽺 𐾀𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽𐽰𐽼 𐾀𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐾀𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽳𐽾 𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽿𐽶𐽲 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽰𐽲 𐽲𐽰
      𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽽𐽰 𐽰𐽶𐾀𐽷 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐾀𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽰𐽰𐽽𐽾𐽶𐽲𐽰 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽳
      𐽸𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐾀 𐽶𐽹𐽰 𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽼 𐽷𐾁𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐾀𐽹𐽶𐽿
      mn tʾqy kwycʾp tʾrysʾr tʾrywr ʾrky ʾwl ʾwn šyq qwnʾq
      pʾrcʾ ʾytk ʾβyntʾ ʾyltmyš ʾʾcryqʾ ʾyltmʾmyš yʾqrw
      dʾqy ʾwt ymʾ ʾlyp klwrmyš ʾβyntʾ ʾyltmyš
      / [] men taḳï küčep tarïsar tarïyur erki. Ol on šïḳ ḳonaḳḳa barča étig evinte éltmiš. Ačrïġġa éltmemiš, yaġrudaḳï ot yéme alïp kelürmiš, evinte éltmiš./
      [] had I the strength, I would cultivate the fields myself. He carried that ten šïḳs worth of millet and all the farming tools to his house. Likewise, the hay that have been sitting around, that has not been brought into the grain enclosure, he took and brought it to his own house.
    • c. 1268, Čisün Tutuŋ (至顺都统), Poems from Mogao Grottoes line 122 (B:128:18.122, B:128:18-V-3):[5]
      𐾁𐾀𐽶𐾁𐽶 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐾁𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽰𐽶𐽿𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽾 𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 𐽺𐽳𐽹𐾁𐽰𐽸𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽾
      ltyly twyrtly ʾwn tʾyšyn swdwr lʾryq nwmlʾdylʾr
      / [] [a]ltïlï törtli on [uluġ] Tayšiŋ sudurlarïġ nomladïlar./
      [] they have preached the ten [venerable] Mahāyāna sūtras in [groups of] four and six.

Compound terms

  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽲𐽰𐽹𐽽𐽶 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾwn qʾmcy pyrkʾ /⁠on ḳamčï bérge⁠/, dealing ten whips, a type of punishment)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (ʾwn wyqwr /⁠On Uyġur⁠/, The tribal confederacy that founded the Ten-Uyghurs' State)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶 (ʾwn wyqwr ʾyly /⁠On Uyġur Éli⁠/, Ten-Uyghurs' State)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽹𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwn mynk /⁠on mïŋ⁠/, ten thousand)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽼𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (ʾwn pwlwnk yynkʾq /⁠on buluŋ yïŋaḳ⁠/, everywhere, literally ten directions)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽹𐽰𐽺 (ʾwn twymʾn /⁠on tümen⁠/, hundred thousand)

Derived terms

  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽶 (ʾwny /⁠onï⁠/, a group of ten people)
  • 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ʾwnlwq /⁠onluḳ⁠/, a group of ten people)

Descendants

  • Western Yugur: on (on, un)

Proper noun

𐽰𐽳𐽺 (ʾwn /On/)

  1. a male given name
    𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽶𐽺ʾwn pʾqlyq twyyn /On Baġlïġ Toyïn/
    𐽰𐽳𐽺 𐽱𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰𐽾ʾwn βʾrtʾr /On Vartar/

References

  1. ^ Attested as 𐱃𐰆𐰸𐰆𐰔𐰆𐰣 (t¹uq̊¹uzun¹ /⁠toḳozon⁠/, ninety, literally nine-ten).
  2. ^ Attested as 𑀑𑀦𑀺𑀓𑁆 (o ni k /⁠on ig⁠/, ten [kinds of] diseases).
  3. ^ Attested as 我難尺 (ngaX.nan.tsyhek /⁠onunč(ïġ), anunč(ïġ)⁠/, tenth).
  4. ^ https://idp.bl.uk/uv/?manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.idp.bl.uk%2Fiiif%2F3%2Fmanifest%2F425D5DEC2F634549948E06F32055E360#?c=&m=&cv=&xywh=-146%2C0%2C1315%2C1367
  5. ^
    • Yakup (亚库甫), Abdurishid (阿不都热西提) (2015) 回鹘文诗体注疏和新发现敦煌本韵文研究 (古代维吾尔语诗歌集成) (in Chinese), →ISBN, page 图版42: B128:18
  • Yakup (亚库甫), Abdurishid (阿不都热西提) (2015) 回鹘文诗体注疏和新发现敦煌本韵文研究 (古代维吾尔语诗歌集成) (in Chinese), →ISBN, page 191
  • Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “on”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 141
  • Hamilton, James Russell (1986) Manuscrits Ouïgours du IXᵉ-Xᵉ Siècle de Touen-Houang (Fondation Singer-Polignac) (in French), →ISBN, pages 148, 149
  • Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) on”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 507