𐽶𐽳𐾁
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽶𐽳𐽳𐾁 (ywwl /yōl, yul/) |
|---|---|
| Orkhon script | 𐰖𐰆𐰞 (y¹ul¹ /yol/) |
| Manichaean script | 𐫏𐫇𐫓 (ywl /yol/) |
| Sogdian script | 𐼷𐼴𐼹 (ywl /yol/) |
| Syriac script | ܝܘܠ (ywl /yol/) |
| Brahmi script | 𑀬𑁄𑀮𑁆 (yol /yol/) 𑀬𑁄𑀮𑀺 (yoli /yolï/) |
| Han script | 淵 (ʔwen /yo[l]/) 羽林 (hyuH.lim) |
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *yōl (“road, way”). Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰖𐰆𐰞 (y¹ul¹ /yol/).
Noun
𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl /yol/)
- road, way, path
- Synonyms: 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywryq /yorïḳ/), 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽲 (ʾwrwq /oruḳ/), 𐾀𐽰𐽳 (tʾw /tau/)
- generation, lifespan
- heavenly favor
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽳𐾀 (qwt /ḳut/)
- luck, fate
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽲 (ʾyrq /ïrḳ/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳𐽹 (kwyrwm /körüm/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽷 (ʾwylwk /ülüg/)
- c. 1382, Huǒ Yuán-jié (火原潔) & Mǎ Shā-yì-hēi (馬沙亦黑), Gāochāng guǎn-zá-zì (高昌馆杂字) Hrith manuscript, line 1014:
- 阿丁羽林名聲
- ʔa.teng.hyuH.lim
- /Atïn yolïn/
- Fame and good tidings.
- 阿丁羽林名聲
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ywllʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywlnwnk) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ywllʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽲𐽰 (ywlqʾ) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (ywllʾrqʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ywlwq), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽶 (ywlny) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywllʾryq), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ywllʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰 (ywltʾ) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ywllʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywltyn) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺 (ywlwn) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽰 (ywlcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ywlqʾrw), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽾𐽰 (ywlrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ywllʾyw) |
Derived terms
- 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ywlʾmʾq /yolamaḳ/, “to take on one's way”)
- 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽶 (ywlcy /yolčï/, “guide”)
- 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽶 (ywly /yolï/, “... times”)
- 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽶𐾀𐽲𐽳𐽽𐽶 (ywlwyβytqwcy /yoloyvïtġučï/, “smuggler”)
- 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ywlwqmʾq /yoluḳmaḳ/, “to meet”)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yul (“stream, brook, fountain”). Cognate with Chuvash çăл (çăl, “water well”), Karakhanid یُولْ (yul, “stream”) and Khakas чул (çul, “mountain stream”).
The variant form 𐽶𐽳𐽳𐾁 (ywwl), written with two waw instead of the expected one is influenced by the highness of the back vowel, /u/, compared to /o/.[1]
Noun
𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl /yul/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ywllʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywlnwnk) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ywllʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽲𐽰 (ywlqʾ) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (ywllʾrqʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ywlwq), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽶 (ywlny) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywllʾryq), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ywllʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰 (ywltʾ) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ywllʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywltyn) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺 (ywlwn) | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽰 (ywlcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ywlqʾrw), 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽾𐽰 (ywlrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ywllʾyw) |
Descendants
- → Salar: yul
References
- ^ Erdal, Marcel (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 49
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yol”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 301
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yul”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 304
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yo:l, yul”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 918-919
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) yol”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 911-912
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) yul”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 918
- Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012) Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü[1] (in Turkish), Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, pages 64, 122