Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yōl

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yōl

road

Declension

Declension of *yōl
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yōl
accusative	yōlug, yōlnï¹⁾
genitive	*yōlnuŋ
dative	*yōlka
locative	*yōlta
ablative	*yōltan
allative	*yōlgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*yōlun
equative ²⁾	*yōlča
similative ²⁾	*yōllayu
comitative ²⁾	*yōllugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Middle Chuvash: *śål^[1]
  - Viryal Chuvash: ҫол (śol)
  - Anatri Chuvash: ҫул (śul)
Proto-Common Turkic: *yōl

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yôl
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yol
  - Ottoman Turkish: یول (yol)
    - Gagauz: yol
    - Turkish: yol
    - → Albanian: joll
    - → Armenian: յոլ (yol)
    - → Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: јо̏л
      Latin script: jȍl
    - → Northern Kurdish: ol (“order, sect, dogma”)
- Turkmen: ýōl
- Salar: yol
Karluk:
- Khorezmian: [script needed] (yol)
- Karakhanid: يُولْ (yōl)
  - Chagatai: يول (yol)
    - Uzbek: yoʻl, йўл (yoʻl)
    - Uyghur: يول (yol)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: [script needed] (yol)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yol)
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: юл (yul)
  - Bashkir: юл (yul)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: yol
  - Karaim: jol
  - Karachay-Balkar: джол (col)
  - Kumyk: ёл (yol)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: жол (jol)
  - Karakalpak: jol
  - Nogai: йол (yol)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жол (jol)
  - Southern Altai: јол (ǰol)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰞 (yol)
- Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl /⁠yol⁠/)
  - Western Yugur: jol (/⁠yol⁠/, “way, path; journey; mile; fate”)
    - ⇒ Western Yugur: jolaq (/⁠yolaɢ-⁠/, “to bid farewell, to worship”)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: суол (suol)
  - Dolgan: һуол (huol)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: чол (çol)
    - Shor: чол
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tuvan: чол (çol)
    - Tofa: чол
- → Proto-Mongolic: *jol (“luck”)
  - → Yakut: дьол (jol)

References

^ Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, page 205

Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, pages 217-218
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 205-6
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 917

[1] Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, page 205

[1]