๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- atthi (Latin script)
- เค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟ (Devanagari script)
- เฆ เฆคเงเฆฅเฆฟ (Bengali script)
- เถ เถญเทโเถฎเท (Sinhalese script)
- แกแแนแแญ or แขแแนแแญ or แขแแบแแญ (Burmese script)
- เธญเธเธบเธเธด or เธญเธฑเธเธเธด (Thai script)
- แฉแจฒแฉ แจณแฉฅ (Tai Tham script)
- เบญเบเบบเบเบด or เบญเบฑเบเบเบด (Lao script)
- แขแแแแท (Khmer script)
- ๐๐๐ด๐๐จ (Chakma script)
Verb
๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (root as)
- Brahmi script form of atthi (โto beโ)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "๐
๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ"
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | ||
| 1st | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ (asmi) or ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐บ (amhi) | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ซ (asma) or ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ณ (amha) |
| 2nd | ๐ ๐ฒ๐บ (asi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ (attha) |
| 3rd | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) | ๐ฒ๐ฆ๐๐ข๐บ (santi) |
| Imperative | ||
| 1st | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ (asmi) or ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐บ (amhi) | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ซ (asma) or ๐ ๐ซ๐๐ณ (amha) |
| 2nd | ๐ ๐ณ๐บ (ahi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ (attha) |
| 3rd | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ผ (atthu) | ๐ฒ๐ฆ๐๐ข๐ผ (santu) |
| Optative | ||
| 1st | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ (assaแน) | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ธ๐ซ (assฤma) |
| 2nd | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (assa) | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ฃ (assatha) |
| 3rd | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (assa) or ๐ฒ๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ (siyฤ) | ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (assu) or ๐ฒ๐บ๐ฌ๐ผ๐ (siyuแน) |
- Present active participle: ๐ฒ๐ฆ๐๐ข (santa), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: ๐ฒ๐ซ๐ธ๐ฆ (samฤna), which see for forms and usage
Prakrit
Etymology 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *hโes-
Proto-Indo-European *hโรฉsti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hรกsti
Sanskrit เค
เคธเฅเคคเคฟเฅ (รกsti)
Ashokan Prakrit ๐
๐ฒ๐๐ข๐บ (asti)
Prakrit ๐
๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit ๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ข๐บ (asti), from Sanskrit เค เคธเฅเคคเคฟเฅ (รกsti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hรกsti, from Proto-Indo-European *hโรฉsti, from *hโes-. Cognate with Pali atthi.
Verb
๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) (Devanagari เค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟ, Gujarati เช เชคเซเชฅเชฟ, Kannada เฒ เฒคเณเฒฅเฒฟ) (intransitive) (attested in Ardhamฤgadhฤซ, Mฤhฤrฤแนฃแนญrฤซ, ลaurasenฤซ)
- to be, to exist
- c. 300 BCE, Vararuci, Prฤkแนta-Prakฤลa 12.20:
- เฅฅ เคจเคฟเคชเคพเคคเฅเคฅเคฟ เฅฅ เฅจเฅฆ เฅฅ
- . nipฤtthi . 20 .
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- เฅฅ เคจเคฟเคชเคพเคคเฅเคฅเคฟ เฅฅ เฅจเฅฆ เฅฅ
Descendants
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Old Hindi: เคเคฅเคจเคพ (ฤthanฤ)
- Hindustani:
- Hindi: เคเคฅเคจเคพ (ฤthnฤ)
- Urdu: ุขุชฺูพูุง (ฤthnฤ)
- Hindustani:
- Old Hindi: เคเคฅเคจเคพ (ฤthanฤ)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Sindhi:
- Arabic script: ุงููฟู (atha)
- Devanagari script: เค เคฅ (atha)
- Sindhi:
Etymology 2
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *hโรฉsthโ
Proto-Indo-Iranian *HรกstสฐH
Sanskrit เค
เคธเฅเคฅเคฟเฅ (รกsthi)
Prakrit ๐
๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi)
Inherited from Sanskrit เค เคธเฅเคฅเคฟเฅ (รกsthi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HรกstสฐH, from Proto-Indo-European *hโรฉsthโ. Cognate with Pali atthi.
Noun
๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) n (Devanagari เค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟ)
- (anatomy) a bone
- Synonym: ๐ณ๐๐๐ (haแธแธa)
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
| Accusative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ธ (atthiแนฤ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ (atthฤซhi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐ (atthฤซhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (atthฤซhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (atthissa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก (atthฤซแนa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐ (atthฤซแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (atthimmi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ (atthฤซsu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (atthฤซsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
Alternative forms
- ๐ ๐๐๐๐บ (aแนญแนญhi)
Etymology 3
Inherited from Sanskrit เค เคฐเฅเคฅเคฟเคจเฅ (arthรญn). By surface analysis, ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ (attha) +โ -๐ (-i). Cognate with Pali atthin.
Adjective
๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) (Devanagari เค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟ)
- desiring or longing for
- rich, wealthy
- Synonym: ๐ฅ๐ก๐บ (dhaแนi)
- begging, petitioning
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (masculine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthao) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthaรผ) |
| Accusative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthao) |
| Instrumental | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ธ (atthiแนฤ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ (atthฤซhi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐ (atthฤซhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (atthฤซhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (atthissa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก (atthฤซแนa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐ (atthฤซแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (atthimmi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ (atthฤซsu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (atthฤซsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (atthiแนฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (atthiแนฤซ) |
| Accusative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐บ๐ (atthiแนiแน) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (atthiแนฤซ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซe) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ณ๐บ (atthiแนฤซhi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐ (atthiแนฤซhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซo) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (atthiแนฤซhiแนto) |
| Genitive | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซe) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ก (atthiแนฤซแนa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ก๐ (atthiแนฤซแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซe) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ (atthiแนฤซsu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (atthiแนฤซsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐บ (atthiแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (atthiแนฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป๐ (atthiแนฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ป (atthiแนฤซ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
| Accusative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ธ (atthiแนฤ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ (atthฤซhi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐ (atthฤซhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (atthฤซhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (atthissa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก (atthฤซแนa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐ (atthฤซแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (atthimmi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ (atthฤซsu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (atthฤซsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐๐ (atthฤซiแน) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐บ (atthฤซแนi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
Noun
๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) m (Devanagari เค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟ)
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (masculine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthao) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthaรผ) |
| Accusative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ (atthiแน) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (atthao) |
| Instrumental | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ธ (atthiแนฤ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ (atthฤซhi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐ (atthฤซhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ (atthฤซu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (atthฤซhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (atthissa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก (atthฤซแนa) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ก๐ (atthฤซแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (atthimmi) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ (atthฤซsu) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (atthฤซsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ (atthi) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) | ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ก๐ (atthiแนo) or ๐ ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ป (atthฤซ) |
References
- Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakritโ, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 195.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โatthiโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923โ1928) โเค เคคเฅเคฅเคฟโ, in เคชเคพเคเค -เคธเคฆเฅเคฆ-เคฎเคนเคฃเฅเคฃเคตเฅ [pฤia-sadda-mahaแนแนavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 49.