-ді
See also: Appendix:Variations of "di"
Kazakh
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *-ti. Cognate with Kyrgyz -ди (-di), Southern Altai -ди (-di), Turkish -di.
Suffix
-ді • (-dı)
- -ed (Used to form past tense)
- Ол музыка тыңдады.
- Ol muzyka tyñdady.
- He listened to music.
- (archaic or literary) form of еді (edı)
- 1947, Мұхтар Әуезов [Mūxtar Äuezov], Абай жолы, II [Abai joly, II]:
- Үйде Тәкежанның көк қаршығасы бар-ды
- Üide Täkejannyñ kök qarşyğasy bar-dy
- There was Takezhan's hawk at home.
- 1982, Ілияс Есенберлин [Iliäs Esenberlin], Алтын Орда, I [Altyn Orda, I]:
- Бұл шаһарлар осы тұста діни орталықтар саналатын-ды.
- Būl şaharlar osy tūsta dıni ortalyqtar sanalatyn-dy.
- These cities were considered religious centers at that time.
See also
- -іп (-ıp, “suffix forming past inferential tense”)
- -ған (-ğan, “suffix forming past perfect tense”)
- -атын (-atyn, “suffix forming past habitual tense”)
Etymology 2
Probably from Proto-Turkic *tur-. Cognate with Turkish -dir.
Suffix
-ді • (-dı)
- Third-person singular ending.
- Келеді.
- Keledı.
- He/She/It will come.
Usage notes
- It is mostly used only after -й (-i) and -іп (-ıp) suffixes in modern Kazakh.
- Colloquially when it comes after -й (-i), it's usually shortened to -т (-t):
- барады > барат
Etymology 3
See the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix
-ді • (-dı)