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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From *lh₁-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁- (“to let”) suffixed with *-yéti.[1]
Verb
*layeti
- to put, lay
- to throw
Inflection
| Thematic present, root aorist
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*layū
|
*layemam
|
?
|
*lam
|
| 2nd singular
|
*layesi
|
*layetās
|
?
|
*las
|
| 3rd singular
|
*layeti
|
*layeto
|
?
|
*lat
|
| 1st plural
|
*layomosi
|
*layemo
|
?
|
*lame
|
| 2nd plural
|
*layetesi
|
*layestē
|
?
|
*late
|
| 3rd plural
|
*layonti
|
*layento
|
?
|
*lant
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*lāsū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*lāsesi
|
?
|
*laye
|
| 3rd singular
|
*lāseti
|
?
|
*layetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*lāsomosi
|
?
|
*layomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*lāsetesi
|
?
|
*layete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*lāsonti
|
?
|
*layontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*layūr
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*layetar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*layetor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*layommor
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*layedwe
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*layontor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*lāsūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*lāsetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*lāsetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*lāsommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*lāsedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*lāsontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layonts
|
*layonte
|
*layontes
|
| vocative
|
*layonts
|
*layonte
|
*layontes
|
| accusative
|
*layontam
|
*layonte
|
*layontans
|
| genitive
|
*layantos
|
*?
|
*layantom
|
| dative
|
*layantei
|
*layantbom
|
*layantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*layantī?
|
*layantbim
|
*layantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layantī
|
*layantī
|
*layantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*layantī
|
*layantī
|
*layantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*layantīm
|
*layantī
|
*layantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*layantyās
|
*?
|
*layantyom
|
| dative
|
*layantyāi
|
*layantyābom
|
*layantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*layantyābim
|
*layantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layont
|
*?
|
*layonta
|
| vocative
|
*layont
|
*?
|
*layonta
|
| accusative
|
*layont
|
*?
|
*layonta
|
| genitive
|
*layantos
|
*?
|
*layantom
|
| dative
|
*layantei
|
*?
|
*layantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*layantī?
|
*?
|
*layantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layomnos
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*layomne
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*layomnom
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnons
|
| genitive
|
*layomnī
|
*layomnous
|
*layomnom
|
| dative
|
*layomnūi
|
*layomnobom
|
*layomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*layomnū
|
*layomnobim
|
*layomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layomnā
|
*layomnai
|
*layomnās
|
| vocative
|
*layomnā
|
*layomnai
|
*layomnās
|
| accusative
|
*layomnam
|
*layomnai
|
*layomnans
|
| genitive
|
*layomnās
|
*layomnous
|
*layomnom
|
| dative
|
*layomnai
|
*layomnābom
|
*layomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*layomnābim
|
*layomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*layomnom
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnā
|
| vocative
|
*layomnom
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnā
|
| accusative
|
*layomnom
|
*layomnou
|
*layomnā
|
| genitive
|
*layomnī
|
*layomnous
|
*layomnom
|
| dative
|
*layomnūi
|
*layomnobom
|
*layomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*layomnū
|
*layomnobim
|
*layomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*lātos
|
*lātou
|
*lātoi
|
| vocative
|
*lāte
|
*lātou
|
*lātoi
|
| accusative
|
*lātom
|
*lātou
|
*lātons
|
| genitive
|
*lātī
|
*lātous
|
*lātom
|
| dative
|
*lātūi
|
*lātobom
|
*lātobos
|
| instrumental
|
*lātū
|
*lātobim
|
*lātobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*lātā
|
*lātai
|
*lātās
|
| vocative
|
*lātā
|
*lātai
|
*lātās
|
| accusative
|
*lātam
|
*lātai
|
*lātans
|
| genitive
|
*lātās
|
*lātous
|
*lātom
|
| dative
|
*lātai
|
*lātābom
|
*lātābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*lātābim
|
*lātābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*lātom
|
*lātou
|
*lātā
|
| vocative
|
*lātom
|
*lātou
|
*lātā
|
| accusative
|
*lātom
|
*lātou
|
*lātā
|
| genitive
|
*lātī
|
*lātous
|
*lātom
|
| dative
|
*lātūi
|
*lātobom
|
*lātobos
|
| instrumental
|
*lātū
|
*lātobim
|
*lātobis
|
Descendants
- Old Irish: ·lá
- ⇒ Old Irish: do·rala (perfective of do·cuirethar) (< *to-ɸro-layeti)
- Middle Irish: do·rala, tarla
- Note
- Lepontic 𐌕𐌏𐌌𐌄𐌆𐌄𐌂𐌋𐌀𐌉 (tomezeclai) was originally considered a derivative of this root, but nowadays it is read as 𐌕𐌏𐌌𐌄𐌆𐌄𐌂𐌖𐌀𐌉 (tomezecuai), precluding relations.
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 235