Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þarmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely from Proto-Indo-European *tórmos (“borehole”), and cognate with Ancient Greek τράμις (trámis, “space between anus and genitals; perineum”).[1] Though Kroonen explicitly adduces no further cognates, Orel appears to consider the root further derived from *terh₁- (“to bore, pierce”), and additionally compares Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos, “hole”), τείρω (teírō, “to wear out, distress”), τερέω (teréō, “to drill, bore”).[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθɑr.mɑz/

Noun

*þarmaz m

  1. intestine

Inflection

Declension of *þarmaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *þarmaz *þarmōz, *þarmōs
vocative *þarm *þarmōz, *þarmōs
accusative *þarmą *þarmanz
genitive *þarmas, *þarmis *þarmǫ̂
dative *þarmai *þarmamaz
instrumental *þarmō *þarmamiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *þarm
    • Old English: þearm
    • Old Frisian: therm
      • North Frisian: teerm
      • Saterland Frisian: Tíerm
      • West Frisian: term
    • Old Saxon: tharm
      • Middle Low German: darm
        • German Low German:
        • Plautdietsch: Doarm
    • Old Dutch: *tharm
    • Old High German: darm
  • Old Norse: þarmr

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þarma-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 535
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þarmaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 417
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