Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōtijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bōtō (improvement, recompense) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈbɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bōtijaną[1][2]

  1. to improve
  2. to compensate, pay a fine

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bōtijō *bōtijaų *bōtijai ?
2nd singular *bōtīsi *bōtijais *bōtī *bōtijasai *bōtijaisau
3rd singular *bōtīþi *bōtijai *bōtijaþau *bōtijaþai *bōtijaiþau
1st dual *bōtijōs *bōtijaiw
2nd dual *bōtijaþiz *bōtijaiþiz *bōtijaþiz
1st plural *bōtijamaz *bōtijaim *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
2nd plural *bōtīþ *bōtijaiþ *bōtīþ *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
3rd plural *bōtijanþi *bōtijain *bōtijanþau *bōtijanþai *bōtijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bōtidǭ *bōtidēdį̄
2nd singular *bōtidēz *bōtidēdīz
3rd singular *bōtidē *bōtidēdī
1st dual *bōtidēdū *bōtidēdīw
2nd dual *bōtidēdudiz *bōtidēdīdiz
1st plural *bōtidēdum *bōtidēdīm
2nd plural *bōtidēdud *bōtidēdīd
3rd plural *bōtidēdun *bōtidēdīn
present past
participles *bōtijandz *bōtidaz

Descendants

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bōtō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 72:*bōtjan-
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*bōtjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 52