Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frawjô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    From the unattested Proto-Germanic *frawiz or *frawaz and the suffix *-jô, the stem being of debated origin:[1] Possibly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-, a derivation from *per(H)- (“to go forward; in front”). Potential cognates include Latin prōvincia (“territory, dominion, office, duty, province”), Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”), Polish prawo (“law”). However, Kroonen notes phonetic difficulties with this derivation. For an alternative he proposes a link to *fraiwą (“seed”) involving metathesis, and that the sense of sowing or fertility may even be preserved in the mythological associations of Old Norse Freyja. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈɸrɑu̯.jɔːː/

    Noun

    *frawjô m[1]

    1. lord

    Inflection

    Declension of *frawjô (masculine an-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *frawjô *frawjaniz
    vocative *frawjô *frawjaniz
    accusative *frawjanų *frawjanunz
    genitive *frawjiniz *frawjanǫ̂
    dative *frawjini *frawjammaz
    instrumental *frawjinē *frawjammiz

    Synonyms

    Descendants

    • Proto-West Germanic: *frauwjō
      • Old English: frēa, frēo
      • Old Frisian: *frā (in placenames)
      • Old Saxon: frao, frōio, frōho, frāho, frō
      • Old Dutch: *frō
      • Old High German: frō, frōjo, frouwo
    • Old Norse: Freyr
      • Icelandic: Freyr
        • → Swedish: Frej (learned)
        • → Danish: Frej (learned)
      • Faroese: Froyur
      • Norwegian: Frøy
      • Old Swedish: *Frø̄
        • Swedish: Frö
      • Old Danish: Frø̄
        • Old Danish: Frø
    • Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (frauja)
    • Vandalic: *frauja- (early), froia, froja m

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*frauja(n)-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
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