Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/freusaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *prews- (“to freeze; frost”). Cognate with Latin pruīna (“hoarfrost, frost”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸreu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
- to freeze
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *freusō | *freusaų | — | *freusai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *friusizi | *freusaiz | *freus | *freusazai | *freusaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *friusidi | *freusai | *freusadau | *freusadai | *freusaidau | |
| 1st dual | *freusōz | *freusaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *freusadiz | *freusaidiz | *freusadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *freusamaz | *freusaim | — | *freusandai | *freusaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *friusid | *freusaid | *friusid | *freusandai | *freusaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *freusandi | *freusain | *freusandau | *freusandai | *freusaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *fraus | *fruzį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *fraust | *fruzīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *fraus | *fruzī | ||||
| 1st dual | *fruzū | *fruzīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *fruzudiz | *fruzīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *fruzum | *fruzīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *fruzud | *fruzīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *fruzun | *fruzīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *freusandz | *fruzanaz | ||||
Derived terms
- *frauzijaną
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *freusan
- Old Norse: frjósa
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*freusan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 154-5
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*freusanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113