Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nu

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

*nū

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *nu (“now”). Cognate with Lithuanian nù (“now, well now”), Lithuanian nūnái (“now, today, nowadays”), Latin num (“now”), Latin nunc (“now, soon, today, nowadays”), Sanskrit नु (nu), नू (nū, “now”), Old Irish no-, Russian ны́не (nýne).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nu/

Adverb

*nu

now

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *nū
- Old English: nū
  - Middle English: nu, nou
    - Scots: noo, nou
    - English: now
      - Northumbrian: noo
- Old Frisian: nū
  - Saterland Frisian: nu
  - West Frisian: no
- Old Saxon: nū
  - Middle Low German: nū
    - Low German: nu
- Old Dutch: nū
  - Middle Dutch: nu
    - Dutch: nu
    - Limburgish: noe
- Old High German: nu, nū
  - Middle High German: nu, nū, nun, nūn
    - German: nun, nu
      - Esperanto: nun
Old Norse: nú, ᚾᚢ (nu), ᚿᚢ (nu)
- Icelandic: nú, núna
- Faroese: nú, núgv
- Norwegian Nynorsk: no; (chiefly dialectal) nå
- Norwegian Bokmål: nå
- Jamtish: nú
- Elfdalian: nų
- Old Swedish: nū
  - Swedish: nu
- Danish: nu
  - Norwegian Bokmål: nu (Riksmål)
Gothic: 𐌽𐌿 (nu)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*nū”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 392

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*nū”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 392

[1]