Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raidō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

An o-grade nominal formation from *rīdaną (“to ride”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrɑi̯.ðɔː/

Noun

*raidō f

ride, journey
(Runic alphabet) name of the rune ᚱ (r)

Inflection

Declension of *raidō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*raidō	*raidôz
vocative	*raidō	*raidôz
accusative	*raidǭ	*raidōz
genitive	*raidōz	*raidǫ̂
dative	*raidōi	*raidōmaz
instrumental	*raidō	*raidōmiz

Derived terms

*raidōwarjaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *raidu
- Old English: rād
  - Middle English: rode, rade, rod, rood, roode
    - English: road
    - Scots: raid
      - → English: raid, rade (Scotland)
        → Spanish: raid
        → French: raid
        → Italian: raid
        → Polish: rajd
        → Romanian: raid
        → Swedish: räd
    - → Old French: *rade
      - Middle French: rade
        French: rade
        → Catalan: rada
        → Italian: rada
        → Spanish: rada
- Old Frisian: *rēd
  - West Frisian: reed
- Old Saxon: *rēda
  - >? Middle Low German: rêde, reide
    - → German: Reede
- Old Dutch: rēda
  - >? Middle Dutch: rêde
    - Dutch: rede
- Old High German: reita
  - Middle High German: reite
Proto-Norse: *ᚱᚨᛁᛞᚢ (*raidu)
- Old Norse: reið
  - Icelandic: reið
  - Faroese: reið
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: rei, reid (unofficial, Sunnmørsk, Høgnorsk)
  - Norwegian Bokmål: rei
  - Old Swedish: redh
    - Swedish: red
  - Danish: red
  - Old Gutnish: raiþ
Gothic: *𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (*raida /⁠reda⁠/)^[2]
→ Finnish: raita, raide
→ Proto-Samic: *rājδō
- Western Samic:
  - Southern Sami: raajroe
  - Ume Sami: rájđđuo
  - Pite Sami: rájjdo
  - Lule Sami: rájddo
  - Northern Sami: ráidu
- Eastern Samic:
  - Inari Sami: ráiđu
  - Skolt Sami: räidd
  - Kildin Sami: ра̄ййт (rājjt)
  - Ter Sami: раййта (râjjtâ)
- → Swedish: rajd

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*raiđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 295
^ Latin transcription from the Codex Vindobonensis 795. The "Wulfilan" Gothic form is a reconstruction.

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*raiđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 295

[2] Latin transcription from the Codex Vindobonensis 795. The "Wulfilan" Gothic form is a reconstruction.

[1]

[2]