Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/íh₁

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly from *í- +‎ *-h₁ (instrumental suffix) as "in that way", parallel to *kʷí-h₁ (“how?”).[1]

Particle

*íh₁[1]

  1. emphatic particle

Alternative reconstructions

Reconstruction notes

Dunkel reconstructs the laryngeal based on the etymology as instrumental adverb.

Derived terms

  • *íh₁-m[1]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Attic Greek: -ῑ́ν (-ī́n) (as in οὐτοσῑ́ν (outosī́n))
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • (perhaps) *kʷó íh₁ (whence Proto-Italic *kʷoi)
  • (perhaps) *né íh₁
  • (perhaps) *pr̥h₂ íh₁ (whence Proto-Italic *prāi)

Descendants

  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [Term?] (/⁠-i⁠/) (as in 𒀀𒅆 (a-ši /⁠aši⁠/, “that (one)”))
  • Proto-Germanic:
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: -ῑ́ (-ī́) (as in νυνί (nuní))
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *iH
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *iH
      • Vedic Sanskrit: ई (ī, emphatic particle) (also in ईदृश् (īdṛ́ś), इयत् (íyat), ईवत् (ī́vat) and यदी (yádī))
    • >? Proto-Iranian: *iH

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dunkel, George E. (2014) “íh₁ 'so; gerade, genau'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 377-383
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “-ῑ́”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 571
  3. ^ de Vries, Jan (1977) “í 2”, in Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary]‎[1] (in German), 2nd revised edition, Leiden: Brill, page 282
  4. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 366

Further reading

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