Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰeh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Dunkel suggests this root came from an adverb *ǵʰoh₁ (“behind”) (whence Proto-Slavic *za) as "to leave behind".^[1]

Root

*ǵʰeh₁-^[2]^[3]^[4]

to leave, abandon

Alternative reconstructions

*gʰeh₁-^[5] (for Germanic and Greek)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₁- (34 c, 0 e)

*ǵʰh₁-nós
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰHnás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰHnás
    - Sanskrit: हीन (hīná) (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰeh₁ro-
*ǵʰé-ǵʰeh₁-ti (reduplicated present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κιχάνω (kikhánō)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰáȷ́ʰaHti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áźʰaHti
    - Sanskrit: जहाति (jáhāti)
  - Proto-Iranian: *jájaHti
    - Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬰𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zazāⁱti)
*ǵʰḗh₁-s-t ~ *ǵʰéh₁-s-n̥t (s-aorist)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háȷ́ʰāHst
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HáźʰāHst
    - Sanskrit: अहास् (áhās) (later: अहासीत् (áhāsīt))
      - ⇒ Sanskrit: अहात् (áhāt) (clarification of 3sg.)
*ǵʰh₁-yé-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Germanic: *gāną (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian: ngah

References

^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 278
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κιχάνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 705-706
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑ʰeh₁- 'zurücklassen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 173
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʰeh₁- 'kommen, erreichen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 196

[1] Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 278

[2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κιχάνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 705-706

[4] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑ʰeh₁- 'zurücklassen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 173

[5] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʰeh₁- 'kommen, erreichen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 196

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