Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dyew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *dyew-[1]

    1. to be bright, to shine
    2. sky, heaven

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dyew- (84 c, 0 e)

    Some derivations have undergone metathesis of the root, giving *deyw-.

    • *dyḗws
    • *dyutkós (“celestial, heavenly”) (+ *tek- (“to obtain, receive”))
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dyukšás
    • *deyn-o-s (“day”) (probably a back-formation from *deywós, interpreting *dey- as the root)
      • Proto-Albanian: *deina
        • Albanian: din (“to break (of dawn)”)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *deinas, *dinas
      • Proto-Germanic: *tīnaz (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dinám
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dinám
          • Sanskrit: दिन (diná) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *dinos
    • *deywós
    • *déywih₂
    • *diwyós
    • *d(i)wi-n- (possibly)
    • Unsorted formations:
      • Proto-Anatolian: *Diw-ōt-s
        • Hittite: [script needed] (šiwatt-, “day”)
        • Luwian: [script needed] (Tiwaz), [script needed] (Tiwad-, “theonym”)
        • Palaic: [script needed] (Tiyaz), [script needed] (Tiyad-, “theonym”)
        • ⇒ Lycian: Τευδιαρμα (“Sun-Moon, given name”)
        • ⇒ Lydian: 𐤯𐤦𐤰𐤣𐤠𐤩𐤦𐤳 (tiudališ, “given name”)
      • Proto-Celtic: *dīyos (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Slavic: *diviti (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Anatolian:
        • Hittite: 𒅆𒌦𒅀𒋻 (/⁠šiuniyatar⁠/, “divine image, divinity”)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dyú, *diwám, *dyáwš
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dyú, *diwám, *dyáwṣ
        • Proto-Iranian: *dyú, *diwám, *dyáwš
          • Sogdian: ܠܝܘܐܟܟ (δēwāk, “heavenly”), ܠܝܘܮܘܢ (δēwγōn, “heavenly”)
          • ⇒ Persian: لیو (liv, “sun”) (δēwāk > *lēwāk > lēw > lēv > līv) (perhaps) [2]
        • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dyumā́

    References

    1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
    2. ^ [2], Dehkhoda Dictionary,"لیو" entry.
    3. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “jumala”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[3] (in Finnish), retrieved 20 January 2023

    Further reading

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