Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pérwr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

From *per- (“to go through”) +‎ *-wr̥ (substantifying suffix).

Noun

*pérwr̥ n^[1]

ford, crossing

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*pérwr̥	*pérwōr
genitive	*pr̥wéns	*prunés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*pérwr̥	—	—	*pérwōr
vocative	*pérwr̥	—	—	*pérwōr
accusative	*pérwr̥	—	—	*pérwōr
genitive	*pr̥wéns	—	—	*prunés
ablative	*pr̥wéns	—	—	*prunés
dative	*pr̥wéney	—	—	*prunéy
locative	pr̥wén, pr̥wéni	—	—	pr̥wén, pr̥wéni
instrumental	*pr̥wénh₁	—	—	*prunéh₁

Derived terms

*n̥-pérwō < *n̥-pér-won-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *əpérwō
  - Ancient Greek: ᾰ̓πείρων (ăpeírōn) (< *ᾰ̓πεύρων (*ăpeúrōn))
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *apárwā
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *apárwā
    - Sanskrit: अपर्वन् (aparván)

Descendants

Proto-Hellenic: *pérwər
- Ancient Greek: πεῖρᾰρ (peîrăr) (< *πεῦρᾰρ (*peûrăr))
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *párwr̥
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *párwr̥
  - Sanskrit: पर्वन् (párvan), परुर् (párur, nom.sg.)

Etymology 2

Noun

*pérwr̥ n^[2]^[3]

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*pérwr̥
genitive	*péruns
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pérwr̥	*pérurih₁	*pérwr̥h₂
vocative	*pérwr̥	*pérurih₁	*pérwr̥h₂
accusative	*pérwr̥	*pérurih₁	*pérwr̥h₂
genitive	*péruns	*?	*pérunoHom
ablative	*péruns	*?	pérunmos, pérunbʰos
dative	*péruney	*?	pérunmos, pérunbʰos
locative	pérun, péruni	*?	*pérunsu
instrumental	*pérunh₁	*?	pérunmis, pérunbʰis

Derived terms

*pérwn̥-to-s (“rocky”)^[2]^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *párwatas^[2]
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *párwatas
    - Sanskrit: पर्वत (párvata) (see there for further descendants)
  - Proto-Iranian: *párwataH f
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁 (pa^uruuatā)
*pérwn̥-yo-m
- >? Proto-Germanic: *fergunją (“mountain”) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒁉𒂊𒊒 (pé-e-ru /⁠péru⁠/, nom.acc.sg.), 𒁉𒂊𒊒𒉌 n (pé-e-ru-ni /⁠péruni⁠/, “rock”, dat.loc.sg.)
  - ⇒ Hittite: 𒁉𒂊𒊒𒈾𒀭𒍝 (pé-e-ru-na-an-za /⁠pérunanta⁠/, “rocky, craggy”)
Thracian: peru

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πεῖραρ, -ατος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1163
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “párvata-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 668-669

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πεῖραρ, -ατος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1163

[IAIL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “párvata-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[Kloekhorst-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 668-669

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