Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/biti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bī́ˀtei.[1]

Verb

*bìti impf[1][2]

  1. to beat

Inflection

Conjugation of *biti, *bi(tъ), *bьjetь (impf., -V-, t-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*bitьje *biti *bitъ *bilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *bitъ *bьjemъ
Active *bivъ *bьję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *bixъ *bi(tъ) *bi(tъ) *bьjǫ *bьješi *bьjetь
Dual *bixově *bista *biste *bьjevě *bьjeta *bьjete
Plural *bixomъ *biste *bišę *bьjemъ *bьjete *bьjǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *bьjaaxъ *bьjaaše *bьjaaše — *bьji *bьji
Dual *bьjaaxově *bьjaašeta *bьjaašete *bьjivě *bьjita —
Plural *bьjaaxomъ *bьjaašete *bьjaaxǫ *bьjimъ *bьjite —

Derived terms

  • *bivati
  • *ubiti
  • *bičь (“whip, lash”)
    • *običь
  • *bidlo
    • *bidlьce
      • *nabidlci, *nabidlьca
    • *bidlьnъ / *bidlьna
      • *nabidlьnica
    • *nabidlo
    • *nabidlъka
  • *bijakъ
  • *bijьca / *bijьcь
  • *biteljь
  • *bitva (“battle, fight”)
  • *bitъ
  • *bitati (“to manage, to handle a device”)
  • *bitъka
  • *bitьcь
  • *bitьje
  • *bitьnъ
  • *Bivojь
  • *bivьcь / *bivьca
  • *nabiti
    • *nabijati
      • *nabivati
    • *nabojь
      • *nabojina
      • *nabojьnъ
    • *nabojьka
  • *obiti
    • *obijati
      • *obijačь
      • *obijakъ
    • *obitъkъ, *obitъka
    • *obitьje
    • *obivati
    • *obojь
      • *obojьkъ, *obojьka
  • *orzbiti
    • *orzbijati
    • *orzbitina
    • *orzbitъkъ
    • *orzbitьje
    • *orzbitьnъ
    • *orzbivati
    • *orzbojь
      • *orzbojьca / *orzbojьcь
      • *orzbojьnъ
        • *orzbojьnikъ / *orzbojьnica
          • *orzbojьničь
      • *orzbojьšče
      • *orzbojьskъ
      • *orzbojьstvo
  • *otъbiti
    • *otъbijati
    • *otъbitъkъ / *otъbitъka
    • *otъbitьje
    • *otъbivati
      • *otъbivъ
        • *otъbivъka / *otъbivъkъ
      • *otъbivьnъ
    • *otъbojь
      • *otъbojina
      • *otъbojьka
      • *otъbojьnъ
        • *otъbojьnica
        • *otъbojьnikъ
  • *zabiti
    • *zabijati
  • *perbiti

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: бити (biti)
    • Old Novgorodian: бити (biti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: бити (biti)
      Glagolitic: ⰱⰻⱅⰻ (biti)
    • Bulgarian: би́я (bíja)
    • Macedonian: бие (bie)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: би̏ти
      Latin script: bȉti
    • Slovene: bíti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*biti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 99

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41: “v. (a) ‘beat’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bijǫ -ti”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 212f., 246; MP 23, 27); b (PR 136)”
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